INSERM U894, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France.
Am J Addict. 2012 Jan-Feb;21(1):86-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2011.00190.x. Epub 2011 Dec 1.
Familial and twin studies suggest the implication of a genetic factor in pathological gambling, but mainly assess probands through treatment settings or advertisements. The question raised here is: are parents of casino pathological gamblers using slot machines more affected with pathological gambling than nonpathological gamblers, all interviewed on site at the same casino? Three hundred and fifty-five casino gamblers on slot machines, which included 96 pathological gamblers, 116 problem gamblers, and 143 nonproblem gamblers, were recruited in situ at the largest casino in the Paris suburbs. We evaluated pathological gambling and two addictive disorders (alcohol dependence and tobacco consumption) in the gamblers and their 690 parents (through the proband). Familial aggregation of pathological gambling was confirmed, with a risk of 3.3 for being a pathological gambler when at least one of the parents has problematic gambling. No familial co-aggregation of pathological gambling with alcohol or tobacco dependence was observed. Pathological gambling is found in excess in the parents of pathological casino gamblers, in accordance with previous aggregation studies devoted to other types of gambling, and with studies recruiting gamblers in different settings.
家系和双胞胎研究表明，病理性赌博与遗传因素有关，但主要通过治疗环境或广告来评估患者。这里提出的问题是：在同一赌场现场接受采访的赌场病理性赌博者的父母，与非病理性赌博者相比，使用老虎机的父母是否更容易受到病理性赌博的影响？在巴黎郊区最大的赌场，我们招募了 355 名玩老虎机的赌场赌徒，其中包括 96 名病理性赌徒、116 名问题赌徒和 143 名非问题赌徒。我们通过患者评估了赌徒及其 690 名父母的病理性赌博和两种成瘾障碍（酒精依赖和吸烟）。病理性赌博存在家族聚集性，当至少一位父母存在赌博问题时，成为病理性赌徒的风险为 3.3。未观察到病理性赌博与酒精或烟草依赖的家族共聚集。与其他类型的赌博以及在不同环境中招募赌徒的研究一致，病理性赌博在病理性赌场赌徒的父母中过多出现。
