Cermolacce M, Lazerges P, Da Fonseca D, Fakra E, Adida M, Belzeaux R, Azorin J-M
Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, 270 bd Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 09, France.
Encephale. 2011 Dec;37 Suppl 2:S117-22. doi: 10.1016/S0013-7006(11)70037-9.
In social cognition, the notion of Theory of Mind (ToM) is widely studied among people with schizophrenia to give an account for intersubjective disturbances. ToM is classically defined as the ability to make inferences about other persons'mental states, as beliefs, thoughts or intentions. However, ToM is not understood or explored as a homogeneous notion. First, this review briefly describes main theoretical models, as well as experimental tasks of ToM. Second, clinical results strongly suggest that patients with schizophrenia present impaired ToM performances. However, the presence of a robust relationship between ToM and schizophrenic symptomatology, or clinical course, is still controversial. Third, we highlight main findings from functional brain imaging studies based on ToM. Finally and in a more critical perspective, we suggest a few theoretical and experimental limitations regarding impaired ToM as a core feature of schizophrenic disturbances in social interactions.
在社会认知中，心理理论（ToM）的概念在精神分裂症患者中得到了广泛研究，以解释主体间的障碍。心理理论传统上被定义为推断他人心理状态的能力，如信念、思想或意图。然而，心理理论并非被理解或探索为一个同质的概念。首先，本综述简要描述了心理理论的主要理论模型以及实验任务。其次，临床结果有力地表明，精神分裂症患者存在心理理论表现受损的情况。然而，心理理论与精神分裂症症状学或临床病程之间是否存在稳健的关系仍存在争议。第三，我们强调了基于心理理论的功能性脑成像研究的主要发现。最后，从更批判性的角度来看，我们指出了关于心理理论受损作为精神分裂症社会互动障碍核心特征的一些理论和实验局限性。
