Penick E C, Powell B J, Nickel E J, Read M R, Gabrielli W F, Liskow B I
Department of Psychiatry, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City 66103.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1990 Aug;14(4):623-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1990.tb01213.x.
Cloninger's clinical method of classifying alcoholics into two groups (Types I and II) was examined with data obtained from 360 VA hospitalized male alcoholic patients. For operational criteria, the Cloninger clinical method of subtyping alcoholics employs age-of-onset of problem drinking and symptom-clusters supposedly associated with each subtype. Marked overlap was found between the symptom-clusters used to define the two subtypes. Ninety-one percent of the entire sample satisfied criteria for both symptom-clusters. Dividing the sample by early-onset (Type II, less than or equal to 25 years) and late-onset (Type I, greater than 26 years) alcoholism did not substantially reduce the overlap between symptom-clusters; i.e., 96% of the early-onset and 83% of the late-onset subgroups were positive for both symptom-clusters. Only 21 men (6%) could be classified when both age-of-onset and the type-appropriate symptom-cluster were used to separate patients. In hospital settings, at least, these findings suggest that the two-group clinical alcoholism typology proposed by Cloninger basically reflects the age-of-onset of problem drinking.
运用从360名退伍军人管理局（VA）住院男性酗酒患者那里获取的数据，对克隆宁格将酗酒者分为两组（Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型）的临床方法进行了检验。就操作标准而言，克隆宁格对酗酒者进行亚型分类的临床方法采用了问题饮酒的发病年龄以及据推测与各亚型相关的症状群。结果发现，用于定义这两种亚型的症状群之间存在明显重叠。整个样本中有91%的人符合两种症状群的标准。按照早发性（Ⅱ型，25岁及以下）和晚发性（Ⅰ型，26岁以上）酗酒对样本进行划分，并没有显著减少症状群之间的重叠；也就是说，早发性亚组中有96%的人和晚发性亚组中有83%的人两种症状群均呈阳性。当同时使用发病年龄和相应类型的症状群来区分患者时，只有21名男性（6%）能够被分类。至少在医院环境中，这些发现表明，克隆宁格提出的两组临床酗酒类型基本上反映了问题饮酒的发病年龄。
