A prospective, double-blind study of metoclopramide hydrochloride for the control of migraine in the emergency department.

STUDY OBJECTIVE

To determine the effectiveness of IV metoclopramide as sole therapy for relieving the pain of acute migraine in the emergency department.

DESIGN

Prospective study. Fifty patients were divided randomly into subjects and placebo controls with blinding of the treating physician and the patient.

PARTICIPANTS

Patients presenting to the ED with migraine requiring parenteral treatment.

INTERVENTIONS

Subjects received 10 mg IV metoclopramide and controls received IV normal saline; patient assessment of relief was followed by means of a numerical scale.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS

Sixty-seven percent of subjects compared with 19% of controls had effective pain relief within one hour (P less than .001). Subjects achieved mean relief scores of 2.46 compared with 1.69 for controls (P less than .02). No significant side effects were observed.

CONCLUSION

IV metoclopramide as a single agent is effective and safe therapy for migraine in the ED.