Wanji S, Cabaret J, Gantier J C, Bonnand N, Bain O
Laboratoire Zoologie des Vers, associé au CNRS, Muséum, National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
Ann Parasitol Hum Comp. 1990;65(2):80-8. doi: 10.1051/parasite/1990652080.
In Meriones unguiculatus, the recovery rate of 80 inoculated larvae was low (about 20%) and irregular. In the natural host Lemniscomys striatus, the recovery rate was about 50% with inoculated doses of 30, 80 or 400 L3, but slightly higher for 400 L3. This rate was constant from day 2 to month 8 post infection (p.i.). When 7-9 reinoculations were performed in one year, the recovery rate of the late inoculation was of only 14%. After subcutaneous inoculations, larvae penetrated into the peripheric lymphatic vessels from hour 6 p.i. and migrated to the lumbar and mesenteric lymph nodes; this first migratory phase was achieved 5 days p.i. Later, the larvae migrated into the digestive tract lymphatic system. Filarial localization did not depend upon the L3 dose: half were found in the caecum and anterior colon (3 cm) wall, and half were distributed in the posterior colon, mesentery and small intestine. A small number (3-5%) of the filariae were found in the pulmonary blood vessels, as a result of accidental migration by the thoracic canal. A similar phenomenon is known in the lymphatic filariae Brugia spp. in rodents and Conispiculum flavescens in a lizard. Several arguments suggest that the genus Monanema is fundamentally lymphatic. Migrations and life of filariae in the lymphatic system seems to be more usual than it is generally admitted. In onchocerciasis, this may at least partially explain the lymphopathology of the inguinal region.
在长爪沙鼠中，接种的80条幼虫的回收率较低（约20%）且不规律。在自然宿主条纹鼠中，接种30、80或400条L3幼虫时，回收率约为50%，但接种400条L3幼虫时回收率略高。该回收率在感染后第2天至第8个月保持恒定。当在一年内进行7 - 9次再次接种时，后期接种的回收率仅为14%。皮下接种后，幼虫在感染后6小时开始进入外周淋巴管，并迁移至腰淋巴结和肠系膜淋巴结；这一初始迁移阶段在感染后5天完成。随后，幼虫迁移至消化道淋巴系统。丝虫的定位不依赖于L3剂量：一半位于盲肠和结肠前壁（3厘米），另一半分布在结肠后壁、肠系膜和小肠。由于通过胸导管的意外迁移，少数（3 - 5%）丝虫出现在肺血管中。在啮齿动物的淋巴丝虫布鲁氏属和蜥蜴的淡黄锥线虫中也有类似现象。有几个论据表明莫纳内马属基本上是淋巴性的。丝虫在淋巴系统中的迁移和生活似乎比一般认为的更为常见。在盘尾丝虫病中，这至少可以部分解释腹股沟区的淋巴病理学。
