International Paralympic Committee, Bonn, Germany.
Clin J Sport Med. 2012 Jan;22(1):21-5. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e31824206af.
This study reports in detail on the antidoping program of the Paralympic Movement to improve knowledge and optimize intervention programs, including educational and awareness initiatives. Data retrieved from annual statistics reports and historical records are complemented with personal observations. An overall incidence proportion of <1% of antidoping rule violations in the Paralympic Movement is reported, mainly resulting from urine testing during in-competition periods. This led to a total of 60 antidoping rule violations (of which 37 in the sport of International Paralympic Committee powerlifting) since 2000. A critical analysis of these data allows for an assessment of risk factors by sport. An efficient transfer of knowledge indicates the need to strengthen educational awareness, preferably imbedded in a multidisciplinary approach toward athletes' health. The particular case of autonomic dysreflexia is addressed as a separate theme.
本研究详细报告了残奥会反兴奋剂计划，以提高知识水平并优化干预计划，包括教育和宣传举措。从年度统计报告和历史记录中检索到的数据，辅以个人观察结果。报告称，残奥会兴奋剂违规行为的总发生率<1%，主要是由于比赛期间的尿液检测。自 2000 年以来，共有 60 起兴奋剂违规行为（其中国际残奥会委员会举重运动 37 起）。对这些数据的批判性分析可以评估各运动项目的风险因素。知识的有效传递表明需要加强教育意识，最好将其嵌入到运动员健康的多学科方法中。自主神经反射异常的特殊情况被作为一个单独的主题进行讨论。
