Australian Football League, , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Br J Sports Med. 2014 May;48(10):810-3. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-093531. Epub 2014 Mar 18.
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is introducing enhancements to doping investigations in its 2015 Code, which include improved sharing of information between antidoping organisations (including sporting bodies) and enhanced accountability of athlete support staff. These additions will improve the control of links between sports doping and organised crime. In February 2013 the Australian Crime Commission released a report that linked several professional sporting codes, professional athletes with links to organised crime, performance enhancing drugs and illicit substances. Following this report the Australian Football League (AFL) partnered the Australian national antidoping organisation to investigate peptide use in Australian football.
This review compared the model proposed by Marclay, a hypothetical model for anti-doping investigations that proposed a forensic intelligence and analysis approach, to use the forensic capabilities of the AFL investigation to test the model's relevance to an actual case.
The investigation uncovered the use of peptides used to enhance athlete performance. The AFL investigation found a high risk of doping where athlete support staff existed in teams with weak corporate governance controls. A further finding included the need for the investigation to provide a timely response in professional team sports that were sensitive to the competition timing. In the case of the AFL the team was sanctioned prior to the finals as an interim outcome for allowing the risk of use of performance-enhancing substances. Doping violation charges are still being considered.
Antidoping strategies should include the investigation of corporate officers in team doping circumstances, the mandatory recording of all athlete substance use during competition and training phases, the wider sharing of forensic intelligence with non-sporting bodies particularly law enforcement and collaboration between antidoping and sporting organisations in doping investigations.
The AFL investigation illustrated the importance of the 2015 WADA Code changes and highlighted the need for a systematic use of broad forensic intelligence activities in the investigation of doping violations.
世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）在其 2015 年的法规中引入了对兴奋剂调查的改进措施，其中包括加强反兴奋剂组织（包括体育机构）之间的信息共享，以及增强运动员支持人员的问责制。这些补充措施将改善对体育兴奋剂与有组织犯罪之间联系的控制。2013 年 2 月，澳大利亚犯罪委员会发布了一份报告，该报告将几个职业体育项目、与有组织犯罪有联系的职业运动员、提高表现的药物和非法物质联系起来。在该报告发布后，澳大利亚足球联盟（AFL）与澳大利亚国家反兴奋剂组织合作，对澳大利亚足球中肽的使用情况进行调查。
本研究将 Marclay 提出的模型与反兴奋剂调查的假设模型进行了比较，该模型提出了一种法医情报和分析方法，以利用 AFL 调查的法医能力来检验该模型与实际案例的相关性。
调查发现了运动员支持人员存在于公司治理控制薄弱的团队中时使用肽来提高运动员表现的情况。AFL 调查发现，在职业团队运动中，由于存在高风险的兴奋剂，因此需要及时做出反应，而这些运动对比赛时间非常敏感。在 AFL 的案例中，该团队在决赛前因允许使用提高表现的物质而被制裁，作为临时结果。目前仍在考虑兴奋剂违规指控。
反兴奋剂策略应包括在团队兴奋剂情况下对公司管理人员进行调查，在比赛和训练阶段强制记录所有运动员的物质使用情况，更广泛地与非体育机构（特别是执法机构）分享法医情报，并在兴奋剂调查中加强反兴奋剂组织和体育组织之间的合作。
AFL 调查说明了 2015 年 WADA 法规变化的重要性，并强调需要在兴奋剂违规调查中系统地使用广泛的法医情报活动。
