Alteration in cellular immunity after chronic hepatitis B deteriorated into severe hepatitis and its significance.

BACKGROUND

It is difficult to predict what type of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) progresses to chronic severe hepatitis B.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to observe changes in the HBV-specific and -nonspecific cellmediated immune responses after CHB deteriorates into severe hepatic disease and explore the significance of such changes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

This study aimed to observe changes in the HBV-specific and -nonspecific cell-mediated immune responses after CHB deteriorates into severe hepatic disease and explore the significance of such changes.

RESULTS

In 49 of 255 CHB patients (19.22%), the disease developed into chronic severe hepatitis (early stage) an average of 10.06 ± 1.73 days after admission. CD4+ and NK cells levels in Group A were lower after progression into severe hepatitis than on the second day of admission (baseline) (P < 0.01). CD8+ cells and nonspecific CTL levels in Group A were higher after progression than at baseline (P < 0.01), and latter was higher than in Group B at baseline (P < 0.01); the levels of CD8+ cells and nonspecific CTLs in Group A after progression were significantly higher than those of Group B 10 days after admission (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in HBV-specific CTL levels in Group A before and after progression to severe hepatitis (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggest that the immunological pathogenesis of chronic severe hepatitis B is related to significant rises in CD8+ and nonspecific CTL levels and that such increases predict that the disease will deteriorate into severe hepatitis.