Quesnel Stéphanie, Nguyen Yann, Campo Pierre, Hermine Olivier, Ribeil Jean-Antoine, Elmaleh Monique, Grayeli Alexis Bozorg, Ferrary Evelyne, Sterkers Olivier, Couloigner Vincent
Inserm UMR-S867, Minimally Invasive Robot-Based Otologic Surgery, Paris, France.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2011 Nov;120(11):737-47. doi: 10.1177/000348941112001108.
An animal model of cochlear implantation has been developed, and the hearing threshold was evaluated after different surgical procedures. The effect of perioperative systemic administration of erythropoietin on the hearing loss induced by cochlear implantation was tested.
Twenty-nine guinea pigs with normal hearing underwent implantation of a 254-microm-diameter array through a cochleostomy. The effects on hearing of cochleostomy and transient and long-term array implantation (21 days) were assessed by testing of the auditory brain stem responses and compound action potentials. Eleven implanted animals received intraperitoneal administration of erythropoietin. Selected computed tomographic scans and cochlear histologic studies were performed 1 month after implantation to confirm proper placement of the array. The erythropoietin concentration at the time of surgery was assessed in samples of perilymph, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood.
The cochleostomy and transient array insertion had no effect on hearing thresholds. Long-term array implantation induced a stable decrease of hearing threshold (30 dB), a decrease that was reduced by 12 dB in erythropoietin-treated animals. The erythropoietin-treated animals had better hearing preservation at higher frequencies. Fibrosis surrounding the array was seen in both groups.
The hearing loss observed was probably due to the presence of the array in the cochlea. The intraperitoneal injection of erythropoietin improved the hearing threshold shift induced by implantation.
建立了人工耳蜗植入动物模型，并在不同手术操作后评估听力阈值。测试了围手术期全身给予促红细胞生成素对人工耳蜗植入所致听力损失的影响。
29只听力正常的豚鼠通过耳蜗造口术植入直径254微米的电极阵列。通过测试听觉脑干反应和复合动作电位来评估耳蜗造口术以及短暂和长期（21天）电极阵列植入对听力的影响。11只植入动物接受腹腔注射促红细胞生成素。植入后1个月进行选定的计算机断层扫描和耳蜗组织学研究，以确认电极阵列的正确放置。在手术时评估外淋巴、脑脊液和血液样本中的促红细胞生成素浓度。
耳蜗造口术和短暂插入电极阵列对听力阈值没有影响。长期植入电极阵列导致听力阈值稳定下降（30分贝），而在接受促红细胞生成素治疗的动物中，这种下降减少了12分贝。接受促红细胞生成素治疗的动物在较高频率下听力保留更好。两组均可见电极阵列周围的纤维化。
观察到的听力损失可能是由于耳蜗中存在电极阵列。腹腔注射促红细胞生成素改善了植入所致的听力阈值变化。
