Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012 Jan;1247:117-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06272.x. Epub 2012 Jan 6.
Several disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) are currently approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently, there has been increased identification and development of potential new treatments that may modulate the MS disease process, including oral therapies. Many of the newly approved MS therapies, as well as those in ongoing clinical trials, have the advantage of improved efficacy and/or being oral and more convenient, as compared to conventional injectable first-line MS therapies. However, many of these new and emerging MS treatments are known to be associated with serious adverse events, some of which may be potentially life threatening. Of additional concern, there is limited experience and long-term safety data for many of these drugs, and thus the true potential for complications associated with these agents remains ambiguous. With an anticipated explosion in the artillery of available MS therapies in the near future, neurologists will need to carefully weigh drug efficacy, convenience, safety, and tolerability when making therapeutic decisions. In this review, we describe the known mechanisms of action, efficacy, and side-effect profiles of new and emerging MS DMDs.
目前有几种疾病修正药物（DMD）被批准用于治疗多发性硬化症（MS）。最近，越来越多的潜在新疗法被识别和开发，这些疗法可能调节 MS 疾病进程，包括口服疗法。与传统的可注射一线 MS 疗法相比，许多新批准的 MS 疗法以及正在进行的临床试验中的疗法具有提高疗效和/或口服和更方便的优势。然而，许多这些新出现的 MS 治疗方法已知与严重不良事件相关，其中一些可能危及生命。更值得关注的是，这些药物中的许多都缺乏长期的经验和安全性数据，因此这些药物相关并发症的真正潜在风险仍不明确。随着未来不久可用的 MS 治疗方法的预期大量增加，神经科医生在做出治疗决策时需要仔细权衡药物的疗效、便利性、安全性和耐受性。在这篇综述中，我们描述了新出现的 MS DMD 的已知作用机制、疗效和副作用特征。
