Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan.
J Diabetes Complications. 2012 Jan-Feb;26(1):10-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2011.11.002. Epub 2012 Jan 5.
The objective was to evaluate the relationships between diabetes management self-efficacy and diabetes self-management behaviors and glycemic control.
A cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 223 subjects with type 2 diabetes, ≥25 years old, who sought care at the National Diabetes Center in Amman, Jordan, was enrolled. A structured interview and medical records provided the data. The instruments included a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, a diabetes management self-efficacy scale, and a diabetes self-management behaviors scale. Glycosylated hemoglobin was used as an index for glycemic control. The analyses are presented as proportions, means (±S.D.), odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals obtained from logistic regressions.
Diet self-efficacy and diet self-management behaviors predicted better glycemic control, whereas insulin use was a statistically significant predictor for poor glycemic control. In addition, subjects with higher self-efficacy reported better self-management behaviors in diet, exercise, blood sugar testing, and taking medication. The findings showed that more than half of the subjects did not have their diabetes under control and that only 42% had attended diabetes education programs.
The majority of subjects did not have their diabetes controlled; their self-efficacy was low, and they had suboptimal self-management behaviors. Therefore, strategies to enhance and promote self-efficacy and self-management behaviors for patients are essential components of diabetes education programs. Furthermore, behavioral counseling and skill-building interventions are critical for the patients to become confident and be able to manage their diabetes.
评估糖尿病管理自我效能与糖尿病自我管理行为和血糖控制之间的关系。
采用横断面设计。在约旦安曼的国家糖尿病中心，便利选取 223 名年龄≥25 岁的 2 型糖尿病患者作为研究对象。采用结构访谈和病历收集数据。研究工具包括社会人口学和临床问卷、糖尿病管理自我效能量表以及糖尿病自我管理行为量表。糖化血红蛋白用于评估血糖控制情况。分析结果以比例、平均值（±标准差）、比值比和 95%置信区间的形式呈现，采用逻辑回归获得。
饮食自我效能和饮食自我管理行为可预测更好的血糖控制，而胰岛素使用则是血糖控制不佳的统计学显著预测因素。此外，自我效能较高的患者在饮食、运动、血糖检测和服药方面的自我管理行为更好。研究结果显示，超过一半的患者血糖控制不理想，只有 42%的患者参加过糖尿病教育计划。
大多数患者的糖尿病未得到控制；他们的自我效能较低，自我管理行为也不理想。因此，提高和促进患者自我效能和自我管理行为的策略是糖尿病教育计划的重要组成部分。此外，行为咨询和技能培养干预对患者建立信心并管理糖尿病至关重要。
