Harris S
SWOV Institute for Road Safety Research, Leidschendam, The Netherlands.
Accid Anal Prev. 1990 Aug;22(4):371-8. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(90)90052-m.
Between August 1986 and July 1987 more than 24,000 households, containing nearly 67,000 persons, were surveyed by telephone about traffic injuries during the past three months. Expressed on an annual basis, approximately 430,000 people, or about 1 in 34 of the Dutch population, had suffered some sort of injury in a road accident. The road traffic morbidity was, therefore, 2,942 per 100,000 inhabitants. Of these, about 135,000 had to be treated in hospital (20,000 as inpatients). More than 100,000 did not need treatment. Cyclists formed by far the largest category of road user, but mopedists had the highest injury rate per kilometer travelled. 210,000 of these casualties fell within the definition for recording by the police. The police recorded only 49,748 traffic casualties, or about 25%, during the same period. The police data were not representative; the completeness declined according to severity of the injuries: inpatients, about 70%; outpatients 26%; extramural about 11%. Cyclists (11%), children (9%), and single vehicle accidents (5%) were very much underrepresented. The largest category of road user is cyclists, not car occupants as indicated by the police data. A number of recommendations are made for supplementing the police data and the existing hospital inpatient data. These include extending the Home Accident Recording System of outpatients and the General Practitioner Panel to include road accident victims. Together a representative sample of 95% of all those receiving medical treatment would thus be obtained.
1986年8月至1987年7月期间,通过电话对24000多个家庭(近67000人)进行了调查,询问他们在过去三个月内的交通伤害情况。按年度计算,约43万人(占荷兰人口的1/34左右)在道路交通事故中受过某种伤害。因此,道路交通发病率为每10万居民2942例。其中,约13.5万人需住院治疗(2万人为住院病人)。超过10万人无需治疗。骑自行车的人是迄今为止最大的道路使用者群体,但轻便摩托车驾驶者每行驶一公里的受伤率最高。这些伤亡中有21万人属于警方记录范围。同期警方仅记录了49748起交通伤亡事故,约占25%。警方数据不具代表性;完整性随伤害严重程度而下降:住院病人约为70%;门诊病人为26%;院外病人约为11%。骑自行车的人(11%)、儿童(9%)和单车事故(5%)的记录严重不足。最大的道路使用者群体是骑自行车的人,而非警方数据所显示的汽车乘客。文中针对补充警方数据和现有医院住院病人数据提出了一些建议。这些建议包括扩大门诊病人家庭事故记录系统和全科医生小组,将道路交通事故受害者纳入其中。这样一来,总共可获得接受治疗者中95%的具有代表性的样本。