Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 159 Tilden Road, MD 02066, USA.
Transcult Psychiatry. 2012 Jul;49(3-4):590-612. doi: 10.1177/1363461511433945. Epub 2012 Jan 6.
Historically, organized violence has been a chronic pervasive problem in Haiti. We set out to elicit Haitians' views on its effects to guide the development of interventions. In March 2006 we studied a population in the slum area of Cap-Haitien, Haiti's second largest city, and the nearby towns of Milot and Limbe. A convenience sample of adults was asked to free list all current problems affecting victims of organized violence. Two major categories emerged: psychological problems and financial problems. The psychological problems of "feeling startled and loss of self control," "sadness/grief," "continuing to suffer from reliving/reexperiencing past events," "problems in the head/mental problems," "deep suffering in the heart," and "thinking too much" emerged as themes from key-informant interviews. These may correspond to constructs of depression, dysthymia, and anxiety disorders including posttraumatic stress disorder in psychiatric nosology. The development of effective interventions can therefore consider those known to be effective for these problems in other settings. However in selecting interventions, considerations must also include local acceptability, perceived causes of problems, and their social effects.
从历史上看，有组织的暴力一直是海地长期存在的普遍问题。我们旨在了解海地人对其影响的看法，以指导干预措施的制定。2006 年 3 月，我们对海地第二大城市海地角的贫民窟地区以及附近的米洛特和利姆贝镇的居民进行了研究。采用方便抽样法，要求成年人自由列出目前影响有组织暴力受害者的所有问题。出现了两个主要类别：心理问题和财务问题。关键知情者访谈中出现了“感到惊恐和失去自控”、“悲伤/悲痛”、“继续遭受重温/经历过去事件的痛苦”、“头部/心理问题”、“内心深处的痛苦”和“想太多”等心理问题主题。这些问题可能对应于精神疾病学中的抑郁障碍、心境恶劣障碍和焦虑障碍，包括创伤后应激障碍。因此，有效的干预措施的制定可以考虑在其他环境中对这些问题有效的干预措施。然而，在选择干预措施时，还必须考虑到当地的可接受性、问题的感知原因及其社会影响。
