Campagna Marcello, Siddu Andrea, Meloni Angelo, Murru Claudia, Masia Giuseppina, Coppola Rosa Cristina
Department of Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Hepat Mon. 2011 Sep;11(9):750-2. doi: 10.5812/kowsar.1735143X.723.
Viral hepatitis caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of acute and chronic liver diseases worldwide.
In Italy, a mandatory vaccination policy was introduced in 1991 and was established for all newborns and 12-year-old individuals. In 2004, vaccination of 12-year old adolescents was discontinued, and that of infants was maintained.
We evaluated the seroprevalence of HBV markers in 806 individuals, who were vaccinated at birth or at 12 years of age, to assess the effectiveness of the national policy against HBV.
The overall prevalence of anti-HBs antibodies was 90.32% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 88.28-92.36%); 2.23% (95% CI: 1.21-3.25%) of the subjects were positive for both antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), whereas 5.83% (95% CI 4.21-7.45) of the subjects were negative for all markers tested. Further, 1.61% (95% CI: 0.74-2.48%) of the subjects were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
Our data provide additional evidence that HBV vaccination can confer long-term immunity when performed at birth and when performed for healthy adolescents; moreover, the results show the effectiveness of the application of a national vaccination strategy.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）引起的病毒性肝炎是全球急性和慢性肝病的主要原因。
在意大利，1991年引入了强制性疫苗接种政策，适用于所有新生儿和12岁个体。2004年，停止了对12岁青少年的疫苗接种，而婴儿的疫苗接种得以维持。
我们评估了806名在出生时或12岁时接种疫苗的个体中HBV标志物的血清流行率，以评估国家HBV防控政策的有效性。
抗-HBs抗体的总体流行率为90.32%（95%置信区间[CI]：88.28 - 92.36%）；2.23%（95% CI：1.21 - 3.25%）的受试者HBsAg抗体（抗-HBs）和乙型肝炎核心抗原抗体（抗-HBc）均为阳性，而5.83%（95% CI 4.21 - 7.45）的受试者所有检测标志物均为阴性。此外，1.61%（95% CI：0.74 - 2.48%）的受试者乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）呈阳性。
我们的数据提供了更多证据，表明HBV疫苗接种在出生时以及对健康青少年进行接种时可提供长期免疫力；此外，结果显示了国家疫苗接种策略应用的有效性。
