Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - CHUL, 2705 boul, Laurier, Québec (QC), Canada, G1V 4G2.
Retrovirology. 2012 Jan 11;9:4. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-4.
In HIV-1-infected individuals, there is often discordance between viremia in peripheral blood and viral load found in the central nervous system (CNS). Although the viral burden is often lower in the CNS compartment than in the plasma, neuroinflammation is present in most infected individuals, albeit attenuated by the current combined antiretroviral therapy. The HIV-1-associated neurological complications are thought to result not only from direct viral replication, but also from the subsequent neuroinflammatory processes. The eicosanoids - prostanoids and leukotrienes - are known as potent inflammatory lipid mediators. They are often present in neuroinflammatory diseases, notably HIV-1 infection. Their exact modulatory role in HIV-1 infection is, however, still poorly understood, especially in the CNS compartment. Nonetheless, a handful of studies have provided evidence as to how these lipid mediators can modulate HIV-1 infection. This review summarizes findings indicating how eicosanoids may influence the progression of neuroAIDS.
在 HIV-1 感染个体中，外周血中的病毒血症与中枢神经系统（CNS）中发现的病毒载量之间常常存在不一致。尽管中枢神经系统中的病毒负担通常低于血浆，但大多数感染个体中存在神经炎症，尽管当前的联合抗逆转录病毒疗法使其减弱。HIV-1 相关的神经并发症不仅被认为是由直接的病毒复制引起的，还被认为是由随后的神经炎症过程引起的。类二十烷酸 - 前列腺素和白三烯 - 被认为是有效的炎症脂质介质。它们通常存在于神经炎症性疾病中，特别是 HIV-1 感染。然而，它们在 HIV-1 感染中的确切调节作用仍知之甚少，尤其是在中枢神经系统中。尽管如此，一些研究已经提供了证据，说明这些脂质介质如何调节 HIV-1 感染。这篇综述总结了表明类二十烷酸如何影响神经艾滋病进展的发现。
