Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway ; Biotechnology Centre, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway ; K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.
Front Immunol. 2013 Jun 4;4:130. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00130. eCollection 2013.
Eicosanoids are inflammatory mediators primarily generated by hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2 to ω-3 and ω-6 C20 fatty acids that next are converted to leukotrienes (LTs), prostaglandins (PGs), prostacyclins (PCs), and thromboxanes (TXAs). The rate-limiting and tightly regulated lipoxygenases control synthesis of LTs while the equally well-controlled cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 generate prostanoids, including PGs, PCs, and TXAs. While many of the classical signs of inflammation such as redness, swelling, pain, and heat are caused by eicosanoid species with vasoactive, pyretic, and pain-inducing effects locally, some eicosanoids also regulate T cell functions. Here, we will review eicosanoid production in T cell subsets and the inflammatory and immunoregulatory functions of LTs, PGs, PCs, and TXAs in T cells.
类二十烷酸是炎症介质，主要通过磷脂酶 A2 水解膜磷脂生成 ω-3 和 ω-6 C20 脂肪酸而产生，随后这些脂肪酸转化为白三烯（LTs）、前列腺素（PGs）、前列环素（PCs）和血栓素（TXAs）。限速且受严格调控的脂氧合酶控制 LTs 的合成，而同样受严格调控的环氧化酶 1 和 2 生成前列腺素，包括 PGs、PCs 和 TXAs。虽然炎症的许多经典迹象，如发红、肿胀、疼痛和发热，是由具有血管活性、发热和局部致痛作用的类二十烷酸物质引起的，但一些类二十烷酸也调节 T 细胞功能。在这里，我们将综述 T 细胞亚群中类二十烷酸的产生，以及 LTs、PGs、PCs 和 TXAs 在 T 细胞中的炎症和免疫调节功能。
