McNamara James J, McDonald Sean, Lawrence Jennifer M
Federal Bureau of Investigation, NCAVC, FBI Academy, Quantico, VA 22135, USA.
J Forensic Sci. 2012 May;57(3):643-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.02019.x. Epub 2012 Jan 11.
The purpose of this study was to identify common factors in false allegation adult crimes, by examining the dynamics involved in 30 confirmed false allegation cases. The authors conducted a comprehensive review of these adjudicated cases and then completed a collection instrument to capture offender demographics, offense characteristics, and motive. The results indicated that most false allegation crimes were committed by women (73.3%) and Caucasians (93.3%). Data indicated that more interpersonally violent allegations were primarily motivated by attention/sympathy needs (50.0%), whereas more impersonal offenses involved other motivations such as providing an alibi (16.7%) or profit (13.3%). Offenders tended to be younger, high school graduates with no higher education (43.3%). A total of 23.3% of offenders had a prior criminal history. Male offenders appeared as likely as women to be motivated by attention/sympathy; however, men tended to select more violent, nonsexual offenses (e.g., attempted murder) than women.
本研究的目的是通过审查30起已证实的诬告案件所涉及的动态情况，来确定诬告成年人犯罪的常见因素。作者对这些已判决的案件进行了全面审查，然后完成了一份收集工具，以获取犯罪者的人口统计学信息、犯罪特征和动机。结果表明，大多数诬告犯罪是由女性（73.3%）和白种人（93.3%）实施的。数据显示，更多涉及人际暴力的指控主要是出于关注/同情需求（50.0%），而更多非人际犯罪则涉及其他动机，如提供不在场证明（16.7%）或获利（13.3%）。犯罪者往往较为年轻，是没有高等教育的高中毕业生（43.3%）。共有23.3%的犯罪者有前科。男性犯罪者受关注/同情驱使的可能性似乎与女性相同；然而，男性往往比女性选择更暴力的非性犯罪（如谋杀未遂）。
