USDA-ARS Coastal Plains Soil, Water & Plant Research Center, 2611 West Lucas Street, Florence, SC 29501, USA.
Bioresour Technol. 2012 Mar;107:419-28. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.084. Epub 2011 Dec 1.
While pyrolysis of livestock manures generates nutrient-rich biochars with potential agronomic uses, studies are needed to clarify biochar properties across manure varieties under similar controlled conditions. This paper reports selected physicochemical results for five manure-based biochars pyrolyzed at 350 and 700°C: swine separated-solids; paved-feedlot manure; dairy manure; poultry litter; and turkey litter. Elemental and FTIR analyses of these alkaline biochars demonstrated variations and similarities in physicochemical characteristics. The FTIR spectra were similar for (1) turkey and poultry and (2) feedlot and dairy, but were distinct for swine biochars. Dairy biochars contained the greatest volatile matter, C, and energy content and lowest ash, N, and S contents. Swine biochars had the greatest P, N, and S contents alongside the lowest pH and EC values. Poultry litter biochars exhibited the greatest EC values. With the greatest ash contents, turkey litter biochars had the greatest biochar mass recoveries, whereas feedlot biochars demonstrated the lowest.
虽然牲畜粪便的热解会产生富含养分的生物炭，具有潜在的农业用途，但仍需要研究在类似的控制条件下，不同种类的粪便所产生的生物炭特性。本文报告了在 350 和 700°C 下热解的五种基于粪便的生物炭的部分物理化学特性：猪分离固体物；铺置式牧场粪便；奶牛粪便；家禽粪便；火鸡粪便。这些碱性生物炭的元素和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）分析表明了物理化学特性的差异和相似性。火鸡和家禽以及牧场和奶牛的 FTIR 光谱相似，但猪生物炭的光谱则不同。奶牛粪便生物炭的挥发物、C 和能量含量最高，灰分、N 和 S 含量最低。猪粪便生物炭的 P、N 和 S 含量最高，而 pH 和电导率（EC）值最低。家禽粪便生物炭的 EC 值最高。火鸡粪便生物炭的灰分含量最高，生物炭质量回收率最大，而牧场粪便生物炭的回收率最低。
