University of Toronto, 223 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Am J Ind Med. 2012 Apr;55(4):353-60. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22015. Epub 2012 Jan 11.
Workplace exposures that can potentially cause both allergic occupational contact dermatitis (AOCD) and occupational asthma (OA) are not clearly identified.
Occupational contact allergens (OCAs) were identified using North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) data. Reference documents and systematic reviews were used to determine whether each OCA had been reported to potentially cause OA. The presence or absence of a sensitizer notation in occupational hygiene reference documents was also examined.
The 10 most common OCAs were: epoxy resin*, thiuram, carba mix, nickel sulfate*, cobalt chloride*, potassium dichromate*, glyceryl thioglycolate, p-phenylenediamine*, formaldehyde* and glutaraldehyde*. Seven (indicated by *) were determined to be possible causes of OA. Information on sensitizing potential from OH reference materials contained conflicting information.
Several common OCAs can also potentially cause OA. Inhalation and dermal exposures to these agents should be controlled and both OA and AOCD should be considered as possible health outcomes. Increased consistency in sensitizer notations is needed.
尚未明确界定可能导致过敏性职业接触性皮炎（AOCD）和职业性哮喘（OA）的工作场所暴露因素。
使用北美接触性皮炎组（NACDG）的数据来识别职业性接触过敏原（OCAs）。参考文件和系统评价用于确定每种 OCA 是否有报道可能导致 OA。职业卫生参考文件中是否有致敏剂注释也进行了检查。
最常见的 10 种 OCAs 为：环氧树脂*、硫代秋兰姆、卡巴混合物、硫酸镍*、氯化钴*、重铬酸钾*、甘油硫代二乙醇酸酯、对苯二胺*、甲醛和戊二醛。其中 7 种（带*者）被确定为 OA 的潜在病因。来自 OH 参考资料的关于致敏潜力的信息包含相互矛盾的信息。
一些常见的 OCAs 也可能潜在地导致 OA。应控制对这些物质的吸入和皮肤暴露，同时应考虑 OA 和 AOCD 作为可能的健康结果。需要增加致敏剂注释的一致性。
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