Hung Tawny, Yang Aparche, Binder Scott W, Barnhill Raymond L
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Canada.
Am J Dermatopathol. 2012 May;34(3):335-8. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0b013e3182330550.
As previously recognized by various authors, "cutaneous ciliated cyst" is a confusing term. Typically, the term refers to rare cystic lesions, commonly found on the lower limbs of women in their reproductive years. To date, 40 cases diagnosed as "cutaneous ciliated cyst" have been reported in the literature. Histologically, the cysts are composed of a simple layer of ciliated columnar cells along with nonciliated columnar cells, cuboidal cells, and round "peg-like" cells, resembling fallopian tube epithelium. This histology has been described in cysts found in males and females and in locations other than the lower limbs. Controversy has thus arisen over the etiology of these lesions, with some believing that the cysts arise from heterotopic Mullerian rests and others advocating for ciliated metaplasia of eccrine glands. We herein describe the first case of cutaneous ciliated cyst of Mullerian origin occurring on the dorsal thumb of a 16-year-old female. A review of literature shows that 2 groups of cysts are covered under the umbrella term "cutaneous ciliated cysts." We thus propose the abandonment of the confusing term "cutaneous ciliated cyst" and the adoption of "cutaneous Mullerian cysts" for estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-positive lesions resembling simple fallopian tube epithelium and "Cutaneous ciliated eccrine cyst" for estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-negative lesions usually occurring in males, which are immunohistochemically compatible with an eccrine origin.
正如之前多位作者所认识到的,“皮肤纤毛囊肿”是一个容易混淆的术语。通常,该术语指的是罕见的囊性病变,常见于育龄期女性的下肢。迄今为止,文献中已报道了40例诊断为“皮肤纤毛囊肿”的病例。组织学上,这些囊肿由一层简单的纤毛柱状细胞以及非纤毛柱状细胞、立方细胞和圆形“钉状”细胞组成,类似于输卵管上皮。这种组织学特征在男性和女性的囊肿以及下肢以外的部位均有描述。因此,关于这些病变的病因出现了争议,一些人认为囊肿起源于异位的苗勒管残余,另一些人则主张是小汗腺的纤毛化生。我们在此描述了首例发生在一名16岁女性拇指背侧的苗勒管源性皮肤纤毛囊肿。文献回顾显示,“皮肤纤毛囊肿”这一统称涵盖了两组囊肿。因此,我们建议摒弃令人困惑的术语“皮肤纤毛囊肿”,对于雌激素受体/孕激素受体阳性、类似于单纯输卵管上皮的病变采用“皮肤苗勒管囊肿”,对于通常发生在男性、免疫组化与小汗腺起源相符的雌激素受体/孕激素受体阴性病变采用“皮肤纤毛小汗腺囊肿”。