Department of Epidemiology and Institute of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Ophthalmology. 2012 Mar;119(3):450-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.09.016. Epub 2012 Jan 14.
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a negative association between intraocular pressure (IOP) and age in 2 Asian populations. In addition, we evaluated genetic and nongenetic factors associated with IOP.
Family-based cohort study.
Study subjects >10 years of age from one Korean (The Healthy Twin; n = 1431) and 2 Mongolian populations (The GENDISCAN; n = 859 and 806) with IOP values.
The IOP values were measured with a noncontact tonometer. Each participant received a standard health examination and received questionnaires, which include candidate risk factors on IOP. Mixed models were used to identify risk factors for IOP. Variance-component methods were applied to estimate the heritability of IOP.
The negative trend of IOP with aging and evaluation of impact of genetic and nongenetic components on IOP.
The mean ages were 43.6, 34.1, and 36.3 years for the Korean, Orhontuul, and Dashbalbar populations, respectively. The mean IOPs were 14.4 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.3-14.6) in the Koreans and 14.1 mmHg (95% CI, 13.9-14.3) and 12.6 mmHg (95% CI, 12.4-12.9) in the Orhontuul and Dashbalbar populations, respectively. In the 3 populations, the IOP decreased as age increased. We replicated an association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) with IOP. In addition, components of the metabolic syndrome (MS), such as plasma glucose, lipid level, and body mass index, showed positive associations with IOP, after adjusting for age and SBP. The IOP also had strong genetic contributions in all populations (heritability, 0.47-0.51).
Negative associations between age and IOP were observed in all 3 populations, which cannot be explained by the increasing prevalence of myopia in the younger generation. The different age trend in IOP may in part be responsible for differences in the prevalence of glaucoma subtypes. Our findings suggest that associations between IOP and MS components were independent of established risk factors such as SBP or age. In addition, the importance of inherited risks requires further genetic dissection of IOP determinants for biological understandings of underlying pathophysiology.
本研究旨在证明在两个亚洲人群中，眼压（IOP）与年龄之间存在负相关关系。此外，我们还评估了与 IOP 相关的遗传和非遗传因素。
基于家庭的队列研究。
来自一个韩国（健康双胞胎；n=1431）和两个蒙古人群（GENDISCAN；n=859 和 806）的年龄>10 岁、有 IOP 值的研究对象。
使用非接触眼压计测量 IOP 值。每位参与者接受了标准健康检查，并接受了包含 IOP 候选风险因素的问卷调查。混合模型用于确定 IOP 的危险因素。方差成分法用于估计 IOP 的遗传率。
IOP 随年龄增长的负趋势，以及遗传和非遗传成分对 IOP 的影响的评估。
韩国、Orhontuul 和 Dashbalbar 人群的平均年龄分别为 43.6、34.1 和 36.3 岁。韩国人的平均 IOP 为 14.4mmHg（95%置信区间[CI]，14.3-14.6），Orhontuul 和 Dashbalbar 人群的 IOP 分别为 14.1mmHg（95%CI，13.9-14.3）和 12.6mmHg（95%CI，12.4-12.9）。在这 3 个人群中，随着年龄的增长，IOP 逐渐降低。我们复制了收缩压（SBP）与 IOP 之间的关联。此外，在调整年龄和 SBP 后，代谢综合征（MS）的成分，如血浆葡萄糖、血脂水平和体重指数，与 IOP 呈正相关。在所有人群中，IOP 都具有很强的遗传贡献（遗传率，0.47-0.51）。
在所有 3 个人群中，年龄与 IOP 之间均存在负相关关系，这不能用年轻一代近视患病率增加来解释。IOP 的不同年龄趋势在一定程度上可能是青光眼亚型患病率差异的原因。我们的发现表明，IOP 与 MS 成分之间的关联独立于收缩压或年龄等已确立的危险因素。此外，遗传风险的重要性需要进一步对 IOP 决定因素进行遗传分析，以深入了解潜在的病理生理学。
