Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2012 Mar;26(3):156-64. doi: 10.1089/apc.2011.0309. Epub 2012 Jan 16.
Although past work has documented relations between HIV/AIDS and negative affective symptoms and disorders, empirical work has only just begun to address explanatory processes that may underlie these associations. The current investigation sought to test the main and interactive effects of HIV symptom distress and anxiety sensitivity in relation to symptoms of panic disorder (PD), social anxiety disorder (SA), and depression among people with HIV/AIDS. Participants were 164 adults with HIV/AIDS (17.1% women; mean age, 48.40) recruited from AIDS service organizations (ASOs) in Vermont/New Hampshire and New York City. The sample identified as 40.9% white/Caucasian, 31.1% black, 22.0% Hispanic, and 6.1% mixed/other; with more than half (56.7%) reporting an annual income less than or equal to $10,000. Both men and women reported unprotected sex with men as the primary route of HIV transmission (64.4% and 50%, respectively). HIV symptom distress and anxiety sensitivity (AS) were significantly positively related to PD, SA, and depression symptoms. As predicted, there was a significant interaction between HIV symptom distress and anxiety sensitivity in terms of PD and SA symptoms, but not depressive symptoms. Results suggest that anxiety sensitivity and HIV symptom distress are clinically relevant factors to consider in terms of anxiety and depression among people living with HIV/AIDS. It may be important to evaluate these factors among patients with HIV/AIDS to identify individuals who may be at a particularly high risk for anxiety and depression problems. Limitations included recruitment from ASOs, cross-sectional self-report data, and lack of a clinical diagnostic assessment.
尽管过去的研究已经记录了 HIV/AIDS 与负面情感症状和障碍之间的关系，但实证研究才刚刚开始探讨可能导致这些关联的解释过程。目前的研究旨在测试 HIV 症状困扰和焦虑敏感性与 HIV/AIDS 患者的惊恐障碍（PD）、社交焦虑障碍（SA）和抑郁症状之间的主要和交互作用。参与者是来自佛蒙特州/新罕布什尔州和纽约市艾滋病服务组织（ASO）的 164 名 HIV/AIDS 成年人（17.1%为女性；平均年龄为 48.40 岁）。该样本被认定为 40.9%为白种人/高加索人，31.1%为黑人，22.0%为西班牙裔，6.1%为混血/其他；超过一半（56.7%）报告年收入低于或等于 10000 美元。男性和女性都报告说，无保护的男男性行为是 HIV 传播的主要途径（分别为 64.4%和 50%）。HIV 症状困扰和焦虑敏感性（AS）与 PD、SA 和抑郁症状显著正相关。正如预测的那样，在 PD 和 SA 症状方面，HIV 症状困扰和焦虑敏感性之间存在显著的交互作用，但在抑郁症状方面没有。研究结果表明，焦虑敏感性和 HIV 症状困扰是与 HIV/AIDS 人群中的焦虑和抑郁相关的临床相关因素。在评估 HIV/AIDS 患者时，评估这些因素可能很重要，以确定那些可能特别容易出现焦虑和抑郁问题的个体。研究的局限性包括从 ASO 招募、横断面自我报告数据以及缺乏临床诊断评估。
