Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2012 Mar;15(2):122-6. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32834fdaf7.
Recent evidence has linked n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation with dramatic alterations of mitochondrial phospholipid membranes and favorable changes in mitochondrial function. In the present review, we examine the novel effects of n-3 PUFA on mitochondria, with an emphasis on cardiac mitochondrial phospholipids.
There is growing evidence that dietary n-3 PUFA, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has profound effects on mitochondrial membrane phospholipid composition and mitochondrial function. Supplementation with n-3 PUFA increases membrane phospholipid DHA and depletes arachidonic acid, and can increase cardiolipin, a tetra-acyl phospholipid that is unique to mitochondrial and essential for optimal mitochondrial function. Recent studies show that supplementation with DHA decreases propensity for cardiac mitochondria to undergo permeability transition, a catastrophic event often leading to cell death. This finding provides a potential mechanism for the cardioprotective effect of DHA. Interestingly, other n-3 PUFAs that modify membrane composition to a lesser extent have substantially less of an effect on mitochondria and do not appear to directly protect the heart.
Current data support a role for n-3 PUFA supplementation, particularly DHA, on mitochondria that are strongly associated with changes in mitochondrial phospholipid composition.
最近的证据表明，n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的补充与线粒体磷脂膜的显著改变以及线粒体功能的有利变化有关。在本综述中，我们研究了 n-3 PUFA 对线粒体的新作用，重点是心脏线粒体的磷脂。
越来越多的证据表明，膳食 n-3 PUFA，特别是二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），对线粒体膜磷脂组成和线粒体功能有深远的影响。n-3 PUFA 的补充增加了膜磷脂的 DHA 含量，减少了花生四烯酸的含量，并可以增加心磷脂，这是一种独特的线粒体四酰基磷脂，对于最佳的线粒体功能是必不可少的。最近的研究表明，DHA 的补充可以降低心脏线粒体发生通透性转换的倾向，通透性转换是一种灾难性事件，通常导致细胞死亡。这一发现为 DHA 的心脏保护作用提供了一个潜在的机制。有趣的是，其他对膜组成的修饰作用较小的 n-3 PUFAs 对线粒体的影响要小得多，而且似乎不能直接保护心脏。
目前的数据支持 n-3 PUFA 补充，特别是 DHA，对与线粒体磷脂组成变化密切相关的线粒体的作用。
