Ibrahim K O, Anjorin A S, Afolayan A E, Badmos K B
Department of Pathology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2011 Oct-Dec;14(4):432-5. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.91750.
The incidence of colorectal carcinoma has been on the increase in the developing countries, including Nigeria, as a result of change in diet and adoption of western lifestyle.
The aim of this review is to highlight the prevalence, age and sex distribution, anatomical location, and morphological characteristics of colorectal carcinomas in Ilorin, Nigeria.
This is a retrospective study of all cases of histologically diagnosed colorectal carcinoma in the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria, over a 30-year period (January 1979-December 2008), using the departmental record and histological slides of the cases.
A total of 241 cases of colorectal carcinoma were reported, 144 cases (60%) in males and 96 cases (40%) in females with a male: female ratio of 1.5:1. The peak age of occurrence for males was between 51 and 60 years, while that of the females was between 41 and 50 years. The malignancy was found in the rectum in 60.2% of the cases, while the least affected site is the descending colon (1.2%). The exophytic occluding masses were found in 82.2% of the cases, and the most common histological type is adenocarcinoma (77.2%) with well-, moderately, and poorly differentiated forms constituting 52.3%, 32.8%, and 14.9% respectively. Of the 241 cases that were seen over the last 30 years, 93 cases (38.6%) were seen in the last 5 years.
Colorectal carcinoma is no longer a rare disease in Nigeria. The surge in the incidence reported in the last 5 years in this center calls for a pragmatic action in its control, with emphasize on colonoscopic screening for those with family history, and possibly making digital rectal examination a mandatory aspect of clinical examination, because most colorectal carcinomas are within the reach of examining finger.
由于饮食变化和西方生活方式的采用，包括尼日利亚在内的发展中国家结直肠癌的发病率一直在上升。
本综述的目的是强调尼日利亚伊洛林结直肠癌的患病率、年龄和性别分布、解剖位置以及形态学特征。
这是一项回顾性研究，对尼日利亚伊洛林大学教学医院30年间（1979年1月至2008年12月）所有经组织学诊断的结直肠癌病例进行研究，使用科室记录和病例的组织学切片。
共报告241例结直肠癌病例，男性144例（60%），女性96例（40%），男女比例为1.5:1。男性发病的高峰年龄在51至60岁之间，而女性为41至50岁。60.2%的病例恶性肿瘤位于直肠，受影响最小的部位是降结肠（1.2%）。82.2%的病例发现有外生性阻塞性肿块，最常见的组织学类型是腺癌（77.2%），高分化、中分化和低分化形式分别占52.3%、32.8%和14.9%。在过去30年中所见的241例病例中，有93例（38.6%）是在过去5年中发现的。
结直肠癌在尼日利亚已不再是罕见疾病。该中心过去5年报告的发病率激增，需要采取务实行动进行控制，强调对有家族病史者进行结肠镜筛查，并可能将直肠指检作为临床检查的必要环节，因为大多数结直肠癌都在检查手指可触及的范围内。
