Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Malaysia.
Poult Sci. 2012 Feb;91(2):393-401. doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-01050.
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of period on the performance, immunity, and some stress indicators of broilers fed 2 levels of protein and stocked at a normal or high stocking density. Experimental treatments consisted of a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels of prebiotic (with or without prebiotic), 2 levels of dietary CP [NRC-recommended or low CP level (85% of NRC-recommended level)], and 2 levels of stocking density (10 birds/m(2) as the normal density or 16 birds/m(2) as the high density), for a total of 8 treatments. Each treatment had 5 replicates (cages). Birds were reared in 3-tiered battery cages with wire floors in an open-sided housing system under natural tropical conditions. Housing and general management practices were similar for all treatment groups. Starter and finisher diets in mash form were fed from 1 to 21 d and 22 to 42 d of age, respectively. Supplementation with a prebiotic had no significant effect on performance, immunity, and stress indicators (blood glucose, cholesterol, corticosterone, and heterophil:lymphocyte ratio). Protein level significantly influenced broiler performance but did not affect immunity or stress indicators (except for cholesterol level). The normal stocking density resulted in better FCR and also higher antibody titer against Newcastle disease compared with the high stocking density. However, density had no significant effect on blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, corticosterone, and the heterophil:lymphocyte ratio. Significant interactions between protein level and stocking density were observed for BW gain and final BW. The results indicated that, under the conditions of this experiment, dietary addition of a prebiotic had no significant effect on the performance, immunity, and stress indicators of broilers.
进行了一项实验,以确定周期对饲喂 2 个蛋白质水平并以正常或高饲养密度饲养的肉鸡的性能、免疫和一些应激指标的影响。实验处理包括 2×2×2 析因设计,有 2 个水平的益生元(有或没有益生元)、2 个水平的日粮 CP[NRC 推荐或低 CP 水平(NRC 推荐水平的 85%)]和 2 个饲养密度(10 只鸡/平方米作为正常密度或 16 只鸡/平方米作为高密度),共 8 个处理。每个处理有 5 个重复(笼)。鸡在开放式饲养系统的三层铁丝地板笼中饲养,在自然热带条件下。所有处理组的饲养和一般管理措施相似。从 1 日龄到 21 日龄和 22 日龄到 42 日龄分别饲喂以颗粒形式的起始和育肥日粮。添加益生元对性能、免疫和应激指标(血糖、胆固醇、皮质酮和异嗜性细胞:淋巴细胞比值)没有显著影响。蛋白质水平显著影响肉鸡的性能,但不影响免疫或应激指标(除了胆固醇水平)。正常饲养密度导致更好的饲料转化率,并且与高密度相比,对新城疫的抗体滴度更高。然而,密度对血糖、胆固醇、皮质酮和异嗜性细胞:淋巴细胞比值的血液水平没有显著影响。在 BW 增加和最终 BW 方面观察到蛋白质水平和饲养密度之间的显著互作。结果表明,在本实验条件下,日粮中添加益生元对肉鸡的性能、免疫和应激指标没有显著影响。