Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
J Sci Food Agric. 2012 Jul;92(9):1964-73. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.5569. Epub 2012 Jan 18.
Iron chlorosis is a problem that affects crops grown on calcareous soils. In this work, we assessed the effectiveness of nanosized siderite (FeCO₃) to prevent iron chlorosis, the underlying hypothesis being that the oxidation products of siderite in soil are poorly crystalline, and hence plant-available, iron oxides.
Nanosized siderite was prepared by mixing FeSO₄ and K₂CO₃ solutions, either pure or doped with phosphate (siderite SID and SIDP, respectively). The average specific surface area was ∼140 m² g⁻¹ for SID and ∼220 m² g⁻¹ for SIDP. Experimental oxidation in a calcite suspension yielded goethite for SID and a mixture of lepidocrocite and goethite for SIDP. Two pot experiments in which a SID or SIDP suspension was applied to a calcareous soil at a rate of ∼2 g Fe kg⁻¹ showed nanosiderite to prevent iron chlorosis in chickpea. In a pot experiment with five successive crops, one initial application of ∼0.7 g Fe kg⁻¹ soil in the form of SID or SIDP was as effective as FeEDDHA in preventing Fe chlorosis. The residual effect of nanosiderite when applied to the first crop alone clearly exceeded that of FeEDDHA.
Nanosiderite suspensions applied at rates of ∼0.7 g Fe kg⁻¹ soil were highly effective in preventing iron chlorosis and have a great residual effect.
缺铁症是影响在石灰性土壤上种植的作物的一个问题。在这项工作中，我们评估了纳米大小的菱铁矿（FeCO₃）防止缺铁症的效果，其基本假设是菱铁矿在土壤中的氧化产物是结晶不良的，因此是植物可用的氧化铁。
通过混合 FeSO₄和 K₂CO₃溶液制备了纳米大小的菱铁矿，分别为纯的或掺杂磷酸盐的（分别为菱铁矿 SID 和 SIDP）。SID 的平均比表面积约为 140 m² g⁻¹，SIDP 的平均比表面积约为 220 m² g⁻¹。在碳酸钙悬浮液中的实验氧化得到了 SID 的针铁矿和 SIDP 的纤铁矿和针铁矿的混合物。在两个将 SID 或 SIDP 悬浮液以约 2 g Fe kg⁻¹的速率施用于石灰性土壤的盆栽实验中，纳米菱铁矿防止了鹰嘴豆的缺铁症。在一个连续五茬作物的盆栽实验中，以 SID 或 SIDP 的形式在土壤中初始施用量约为 0.7 g Fe kg⁻¹与 FeEDDHA 一样有效防止 Fe 缺铁症。当仅在第一茬作物上施用纳米菱铁矿时，其残留效果明显超过 FeEDDHA。
以约 0.7 g Fe kg⁻¹土壤的速率施用纳米菱铁矿悬浮液在防止缺铁症方面非常有效，并且具有很大的残留效果。
