Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Laryngoscope. 2012 May;122(5):1082-92. doi: 10.1002/lary.22471. Epub 2012 Jan 17.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: This epidemiology study examined risk factors uniquely associated with spasmodic dysphonia (SD).
Case-control.
A questionnaire was administered to 150 patients with SD (with and without coexisting vocal tremor) and 136 patients with other structural, neurological, and functional voice disorders (excluding SD and vocal tremor). Questions included personal and family medical histories, environmental exposures, trauma, illnesses, voice use habits, and the Short Form 36.
Several factors were uniquely associated with SD (α = .05), including: 1) a personal history of cervical dystonia, sinus and throat illnesses, mumps, rubella, dust exposure, and frequent volunteer voice use, 2) a family history of voice disorders, 3) an immediate family history of vocal tremor and meningitis, and 4) an extended family history of head and neck tremor, ocular disease, and meningitis. Vocal tremor coexisted with SD in 29% of cases. Measles and mumps vaccines were protective for SD.
SD is likely multifactorial and associated with several endogenous and exogenous factors. Certain viral exposures, voice use patterns, and familial neurological conditions may contribute to the onset of SD later in life.
目的/假设：本流行病学研究探讨了与痉挛性发音障碍（SD）相关的独特危险因素。
病例对照研究。
对 150 名 SD 患者（伴或不伴共存性声带震颤）和 136 名其他结构性、神经和功能性嗓音障碍患者（不包括 SD 和声带震颤）进行问卷调查。问题包括个人和家族病史、环境暴露、创伤、疾病、嗓音使用习惯和健康调查简表 36 项（Short Form 36，SF-36）。
一些因素与 SD 具有独特相关性（α =.05），包括：1）个人患有颈肌张力障碍、鼻窦和喉咙疾病、腮腺炎、风疹、粉尘暴露和频繁的志愿者嗓音使用史，2）家族中有嗓音障碍病史，3）直系亲属有声带震颤和脑膜炎病史，4）家族中有头颈部震颤、眼部疾病和脑膜炎病史。29%的病例共存有声带震颤。麻疹和风疹疫苗对 SD 有保护作用。
SD 可能是多因素的，与多种内源性和外源性因素相关。某些病毒暴露、嗓音使用模式和家族性神经状况可能导致 SD 在晚年发病。
