Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Int J Epidemiol. 2012 Apr;41(2):462-71. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyr191. Epub 2011 Dec 25.
Betel quid is chewed by 600 million people worldwide and it has been linked to obesity and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of our study was to examine the prevalence and predictors of betel quid chewing in a rural area of Bangladesh, and determine its effects on body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure.
In this population-based prospective study, we analysed data on 19 934 Bangladeshi adults. Linear and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the socio-demographic predictors of betel quid chewing and the effect of betel quid on change in BMI and on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, arterial pressure, overweight or obesity, and hypertension.
At baseline, betel quid was chewed by 33.2% of the cohort (35.5% of men, 31.6% of women). In a subsample in which we collected methods of use, 17.5% chewed it without tobacco and 82.5% chewed it with tobacco. In multivariate analysis, betel quid chewing was associated with female sex, older age, tobacco smoking and lower socio-economic status, as measured by fewer years of formal education and not owning land. Betel quid was chewed more times per day among women and older persons. At follow-up, persons who chewed betel quid without tobacco had higher systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and arterial pressure in comparison with never users. After controlling for other explanatory variables, chewing betel quid without tobacco was associated with general hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-2.10] and systolic hypertension (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01-2.37). We did not observe associations of betel quid chewing with BMI or overweight.
Betel quid chewing is likely contributing to high blood pressure in Bangladesh, particularly among women.
全球有 6 亿人嚼食槟榔，槟榔已被证实与肥胖和心血管疾病有关。本研究的目的是在孟加拉国的一个农村地区调查嚼食槟榔的流行情况及其预测因素，并确定其对体重指数（BMI）和血压的影响。
本研究为基于人群的前瞻性研究，共分析了 19934 名孟加拉成年人的数据。采用线性和多变量逻辑回归分析方法，确定嚼食槟榔的社会人口学预测因素，以及槟榔对 BMI 变化、收缩压和舒张压、脉压、动脉压、超重或肥胖和高血压的影响。
基线时，该队列中有 33.2%（男性 35.5%，女性 31.6%）的人嚼食槟榔。在一个收集使用方法的亚样本中，17.5%的人单纯嚼食槟榔，82.5%的人嚼食含烟草的槟榔。多变量分析显示，女性、年龄较大、吸烟和社会经济地位较低（受正规教育年限较少且没有土地）与嚼食槟榔有关。女性和老年人嚼食槟榔的次数更多。随访时，与从不使用者相比，单纯嚼食槟榔者的收缩压、舒张压和动脉压更高。在控制其他解释变量后，单纯嚼食槟榔与一般高血压（比值比 [OR] 1.48，95%置信区间 [CI] 1.04-2.10）和收缩压高血压（OR 1.55，95%CI 1.01-2.37）相关。我们未观察到嚼食槟榔与 BMI 或超重有关。
在孟加拉国，嚼食槟榔可能导致高血压，尤其是女性。
