Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Nutrients. 2010 Mar;2(3):299-316. doi: 10.3390/nu2030299. Epub 2010 Mar 5.
Vitamin B(12) is essential for DNA synthesis and for cellular energy production.This review aims to outline the metabolism of vitamin B(12), and to evaluate the causes and consequences of sub-clinical vitamin B(12) deficiency. Vitamin B(12) deficiency is common, mainly due to limited dietary intake of animal foods or malabsorption of the vitamin. Vegetarians are at risk of vitamin B(12) deficiency as are other groups with low intakes of animal foods or those with restrictive dietary patterns. Malabsorption of vitamin B(12) is most commonly seen in the elderly, secondary to gastric achlorhydria. The symptoms of sub-clinical deficiency are subtle and often not recognized. The long-term consequences of sub-clinical deficiency are not fully known but may include adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes, vascular, cognitive, bone and eye health.
维生素 B(12) 对 DNA 合成和细胞能量产生至关重要。本综述旨在概述维生素 B(12) 的代谢，并评估亚临床维生素 B(12) 缺乏的原因和后果。维生素 B(12) 缺乏很常见，主要是由于饮食中动物食品摄入有限或维生素吸收不良。素食者、动物食品摄入量低的人群或饮食模式受限的人群都有患维生素 B(12) 缺乏症的风险。老年人因胃酸缺乏而导致维生素 B(12) 吸收不良最为常见。亚临床缺乏的症状微妙，常常不被察觉。亚临床缺乏的长期后果尚不完全清楚，但可能包括对妊娠结局、血管、认知、骨骼和眼睛健康的不良影响。
