Fischer Catherine, Tan Emmeline, Bienzle Dorothee
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2012 Feb 1;240(3):294-7. doi: 10.2460/javma.240.3.294.
A 5-year-old spayed female cat was evaluated because of lethargy of 3 days' duration, acute respiratory distress, and anemia.
Physical examination revealed the cat was in good body condition but had pale mucous membranes and elevated heart and respiratory rates. Results of hematologic analysis indicated the cat had severe anemia (Hct, 0.07 L/L; reference range, 0.28 to 0.49 L/L) and marked rubricytosis (19.0 × 10(9) cells/L; reference value, 0 cells/L). Results of serologic and PCR assays for detection of FeLV and FIV and PCR assays for detection of Mycoplasma spp were negative. Cytologic evaluation of a bone marrow aspirate and histologic evaluation of a biopsy specimen revealed a predominance of rubriblasts and rubricytes with granulocytopenia. Cytologic evaluation of fine-needle aspirates of the spleen and liver also revealed numerous rubriblasts.
The cat received transfusions of packed RBCs, and supportive treatment was administered. Analysis of test results yielded a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (erythroid subtype). Because of continued hemolysis and anemia in combination with the diagnosis of erythroleukemia (which has a poor prognosis), the cat was euthanized.
To the authors' knowledge, erythroleukemia has only been reported in cats infected with FeLV. However, results of all diagnostic assays for FeLV were negative in the cat reported here, which suggested that erythroleukemia can develop in cats in the absence of FeLV infection.
一只5岁已绝育的雌性猫因持续3天的嗜睡、急性呼吸窘迫和贫血而接受评估。
体格检查显示这只猫身体状况良好，但黏膜苍白，心率和呼吸频率升高。血液学分析结果表明这只猫患有严重贫血（血细胞比容，0.07 L/L；参考范围，0.28至0.49 L/L）和明显的幼红细胞增多（19.0×10⁹个细胞/L；参考值，0个细胞/L）。检测猫白血病病毒（FeLV）和猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）的血清学和聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测结果以及检测支原体属的PCR检测结果均为阴性。骨髓穿刺液的细胞学评估和活检标本的组织学评估显示，以原始红细胞和幼红细胞为主，伴有粒细胞减少。脾脏和肝脏细针穿刺抽吸物的细胞学评估也发现大量原始红细胞。
这只猫接受了浓缩红细胞输血，并给予了支持性治疗。对检测结果的分析得出急性髓性白血病（红系亚型）的诊断。由于持续溶血和贫血，结合红白血病的诊断（预后不良），这只猫被实施安乐死。
据作者所知，红白血病仅在感染FeLV的猫中报道过。然而，此处报道的这只猫的所有FeLV诊断检测结果均为阴性，这表明红白血病可在未感染FeLV的猫中发生。
