Jiang Yi, Cao Yanru, Wang Qian, Jin Rongxian
Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2011 Nov 4;51(11):1461-7.
Actinomycetes (actinobacteria) are getting more and more recognized as a natural source for new drug exploration. In order to find new lead compounds, the diversity and selected bioactivities of cultured actinomycetes in the Baltic Sea (Germany) were investigated.
One hundred sediment samples were collected from south of the Baltic Sea, of which 809 purified cultures of actinomycetes were obtained by using 7 media. The phylogenetic analysis of 280 selected strains based on 16S rRNA gene sequences was carried out. In addition, activities of 21 enzymes, which play a role in metabolic processes, and anti-microbial activities were determined.
Fifteen genera and eight possible new species of actinobacteria were identified. Members of 3 genera were not isolated from marine habitats before. Of the 280 strains 21% and 20% inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus lentus, respectively. More than 75% of the strains exhibited 8 types of enzymatic activities, including esterase lipase (C8), catalase and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase.
Baltic Sea provides a rich diversity of actinobacteria regarding the phylogenetic analysis and the biological activities. Research and utilization of marine actinomycetes should be strengthened.
放线菌越来越被认为是新药研发的天然来源。为了寻找新的先导化合物，对波罗的海（德国）培养的放线菌的多样性和选定的生物活性进行了研究。
从波罗的海南部采集了100个沉积物样本，使用7种培养基从中获得了809株纯化的放线菌培养物。基于16S rRNA基因序列对280株选定菌株进行了系统发育分析。此外，还测定了在代谢过程中起作用的21种酶的活性以及抗菌活性。
鉴定出15个放线菌属和8个可能的新物种。3个属的成员此前未从海洋栖息地分离出来。在280株菌株中，分别有21%和20%抑制了枯草芽孢杆菌和缓慢葡萄球菌的生长。超过75%的菌株表现出8种酶活性，包括酯酶脂肪酶（C8）、过氧化氢酶和萘酚-AS-BI-磷酸水解酶。
从系统发育分析和生物活性方面来看，波罗的海放线菌具有丰富的多样性。应加强对海洋放线菌的研究与利用。
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