Marín Heriberto A, Díaz-Toro Elba C
Health Services Administration Department, Puerto Rico Health Services Research Institute, Center for Public Health Preparedness, School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
P R Health Sci J. 2011 Dec;30(4):182-7.
Tobacco use and the involuntary exposition to secondhand smoke (SHS) is one of the leading causes of cancer. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the smoke free workplace ban implemented in March of 2007 in Puerto Rico on the exposure of casino workers to secondhand smoke measured in terms of fine particulate matter and cotinine level.
This study used a pre-post comparison design to measure exposure to secondhand smoke before (February, 2007) and after (December, 2007 to February, 2008) the workplace smoking ban was implemented. The samples included level of cotinine in saliva from 20 randomly sampled casino union workers and indoor concentrations of fine particulate matter (2.5 microm diameter, PM2.5) in 10 casinos located in the San Juan metropolitan area. Paired t-tests were used to test any statistically significant change in particulate matter and cotinine levels before and after the ban went into effect.
The average PM2.5 level in San Juan metropolitan area casinos decreased by 88.5% (95% CI: 63.9%, 96.3%) and the average cotinine level for the sample of nonsmoking casino workers decreased by 52.1% (95% CI: 40.6%, 61.4%). Both reductions were statistically significant (p < 0.01).
The implementation of the smoke free workplace ban in 2007 resulted in a significant reduction of the exposure to secondhand smoke to casino workers in the San Juan metropolitan area of Puerto Rico.
吸烟及被动接触二手烟是癌症的主要成因之一。本研究的目的是评估2007年3月在波多黎各实施的工作场所禁烟令对赌场员工二手烟暴露的影响，二手烟暴露通过细颗粒物和可替宁水平来衡量。
本研究采用前后对比设计，在工作场所禁烟令实施前（2007年2月）和实施后（2007年12月至2008年2月）测量二手烟暴露情况。样本包括从20名随机抽取的赌场工会员工唾液中采集的可替宁水平，以及位于圣胡安都会区的10家赌场室内细颗粒物（直径2.5微米，PM2.5）的浓度。使用配对t检验来检验禁令生效前后颗粒物和可替宁水平的任何统计学显著变化。
圣胡安都会区赌场的平均PM2.5水平下降了88.5%（95%置信区间：63.9%，96.3%），非吸烟赌场员工样本的平均可替宁水平下降了52.1%（95%置信区间：40.6%，61.4%）。这两种下降在统计学上均具有显著性（p < 0.01）。
2007年实施的工作场所禁烟令使波多黎各圣胡安都会区赌场员工的二手烟暴露显著减少。
