Department of Pathology, Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45237-0507, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Jun;50(6):1911-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.01.001. Epub 2012 Jan 12.
Recently, steps have been taken to further developments toward increasing gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) concentration and lowering costs in plant seed oils using transgenic technology. Through identification and expression of a fungal delta-6 desaturase gene in the high linoleic acid safflower plant, the seeds from this genetic transformation produce oil with >40% GLA (high GLA safflower oil (HGSO)). The aim of the study was to compare the effects of feeding HGSO to a generally recognized as safe source of GLA, borage oil, in a 90 day safety study in rats. Weanling male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a semi-synthetic, fat free, pelleted diet (AIN93G) supplemented with a 10% (wt/wt) oil blend containing HGSO or borage oil, with equivalent GLA levels. Results demonstrated that feeding diets containing HGSO or borage oil for 90 days had similar biologic effects with regard to growth characteristics, body composition, behavior, organ weight and histology, and parameters of hematology and serum biochemistries in both sexes. Metabolism of the primary n-6 fatty acids in plasma and organ phospholipids was similar, despite minor changes in females. We conclude that HGSO is biologically equivalent to borage oil and provides a safe alternative source of GLA in the diet.
最近，已经采取措施利用转基因技术进一步发展提高γ-亚麻酸（GLA）浓度和降低植物种子油成本。通过在高亚油酸红花植物中鉴定和表达真菌的δ-6 去饱和酶基因，这种遗传转化的种子产生了>40%GLA 的油（高 GLA 红花油（HGSO））。本研究的目的是比较将 HGSO 喂养给大鼠 90 天安全性研究中通常被认为是安全的 GLA 来源——琉璃苣油的效果。将新生雄性和雌性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠用半合成、无脂肪、颗粒状饮食（AIN93G）喂养，饮食中补充 10%（wt/wt）油混合物，含有 HGSO 或琉璃苣油，GLA 水平相等。结果表明，用含有 HGSO 或琉璃苣油的饮食喂养 90 天对生长特性、身体成分、行为、器官重量和组织学以及两性的血液学和血清生物化学参数有相似的生物学影响。尽管女性有轻微变化，但血浆和器官磷脂中主要 n-6 脂肪酸的代谢相似。我们得出结论，HGSO 在生物学上与琉璃苣油等效，并为饮食中的 GLA 提供了一种安全的替代来源。
