Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2012 Apr 30;97:131-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.10.017. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Over half of the United States is privately owned. Improving environmental sustainability requires that the scientific and management communities provide effective outreach to the many landowners making decisions about land use and management practices on these lands. We surveyed California forest and rangeland owners in ten counties throughout the state to assess the impact of existing outreach and identify gaps in information distribution and content. Although a number of organizations provide land management advice highly-ranked by landowners, no individual organization currently reaches more than 30% of forest and rangeland owners, and these groups together reach less than 60% of landowners. The lowest ranked advice came from wildlife and land management agencies, whereas the highest ranked advice came from private consultants and advisory organizations. The ecosystem services provided by forests and rangelands are strongly influenced by conservation scale, and this appears to be recognized in current outreach efforts. Owners of large properties (>200 ha) were substantially more likely to have received land management advice than smaller-sized properties, and from a broader group of organizations. As ownerships become increasingly fragmented, outreach focus and methods will need to shift to more effectively target the owners of smaller properties. On the other hand, some major outreach goals, such as conservation of wildlife, ranchland, or agricultural communities, will continue to rely on effective outreach to owners of larger properties.
超过一半的美国土地为私人所有。要提高环境可持续性,就需要科学界和管理界向众多土地所有者提供有效宣传,帮助他们对土地使用和管理实践做出决策。我们对加州十个县的森林和牧场所有者进行了调查,以评估现有宣传的效果,并确定信息传播和内容方面的差距。尽管一些组织提供的土地管理建议得到了土地所有者的高度评价,但没有任何一个组织能够覆盖超过 30%的森林和牧场所有者,这些组织加起来也不到 60%的土地所有者。评价最低的建议来自野生动物和土地管理机构,而评价最高的建议则来自私人顾问和咨询组织。森林和牧场提供的生态系统服务强烈受到保护规模的影响,而这似乎在当前的宣传工作中得到了认可。拥有较大土地(>200 公顷)的所有者比拥有较小土地的所有者更有可能获得土地管理建议,并且这些建议来自更多的组织。随着所有权的日益分散,宣传的重点和方法将需要转变,以更有效地针对较小土地所有者。另一方面,一些主要的宣传目标,如保护野生动物、牧场或农业社区,将继续依赖于对较大土地所有者的有效宣传。