Departments of Family Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Apr;12(2):202-10. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e32835090c9.
The objective of this review is to provide an overview and discussion of recent epidemiologic and mechanistic studies of stress in relation to asthma incidence and morbidity.
Recent findings suggest that stress, whether at the individual (i.e. epigenetics, perceived stress), family (i.e. prenatal maternal stress, early-life exposure, or intimate partner violence) or community (i.e. neighborhood violence; neighborhood disadvantage) level, influences asthma and asthma morbidity. Key recent findings regarding how psychosocial stress may influence asthma through Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, prenatal and postnatal maternal/caregiver stress, and community violence and deprivation are highlighted.
New research illustrates the need to further examine, characterize, and address the influence of social and environmental factors (i.e. psychological stress) on asthma. Further, research and innovative methodologies are needed to characterize the relationship and pathways associated with stress at multiple levels to more fully understand and address asthma morbidity, and to design potential interventions, especially to address persistent disparities in asthma in ethnic minorities and economically disadvantaged communities.
本文旨在对近期有关应激与哮喘发病率和发病机制的流行病学和机制研究进行综述和讨论。
最近的研究结果表明，应激（无论是个体层面[即表观遗传学、感知到的应激]、家庭层面[即产前母亲应激、生命早期暴露或亲密伴侣暴力]或社区层面[即邻里暴力；邻里劣势]）会影响哮喘和哮喘发病。本文重点介绍了一些最近的研究结果，说明了心理社会应激如何通过创伤后应激障碍、产前和产后母亲/照顾者应激以及社区暴力和贫困影响哮喘。
新的研究表明，需要进一步研究、描述和解决社会和环境因素（如心理压力）对哮喘的影响。此外，需要研究和创新方法来描述多个层面的应激关系和途径，以更全面地了解和解决哮喘发病，设计潜在的干预措施，特别是解决少数民族和经济贫困社区中哮喘持续存在的差异。
