Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2012 May;80(2):427-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01308.x. Epub 2012 Feb 13.
Greenhouse gas emissions represent a major problem associated with manure management in the livestock industry. A prerequisite to mitigate methane emissions occurring during manure storage is a clearer understanding of how the microbial consortia involved in methanogenesis function. Here, we have examined manure stored in outdoor tanks from two different farms, at different locations and depths. Physico-chemical and microbiological characterization of these samples indicated differences between each tank, as well as differences within each tank dependent on the depth of sampling. The dynamics of both the bacterial and archaeal communities within these samples were monitored over a 150-day period of anaerobic incubation to identify and track emerging microorganisms, which may be temporally important in the methanogenesis process. Analyses based on DNA fingerprinting of microbial communities identified trends common among all samples as well as trends specific to certain samples. All archaeal communities became enriched with Methanoculleus spp. over time, indicating that the hydrogenotrophic pathway of methanogenesis predominated. Although the emerging species differed in samples obtained from shallow depths compared to deep samples, the temporal enrichment of Methanoculleus suggests that this genus may represent a relevant indicator of methanogenic activity in swine manure storage tanks.
温室气体排放是畜牧业粪便管理中存在的主要问题。减轻粪便储存过程中甲烷排放的前提条件是更清楚地了解参与甲烷生成的微生物群落的功能。在这里，我们研究了来自两个不同农场、不同位置和深度的户外储粪罐中的粪便。对这些样本的理化和微生物特性的分析表明，每个储粪罐之间存在差异，以及每个储粪罐内的差异取决于采样深度。在 150 天的厌氧培养期间，监测了这些样本中细菌和古菌群落的动态，以识别和跟踪可能在甲烷生成过程中具有时间重要性的新兴微生物。基于微生物群落 DNA 指纹图谱的分析确定了所有样本共有的趋势以及特定样本特有的趋势。随着时间的推移，所有古菌群落都富集了 Methanoculleus spp.，这表明产甲烷作用的氢营养途径占主导地位。尽管与深层样本相比，浅层样本中出现的物种不同，但 Methanoculleus 的时间富集表明该属可能是猪粪储存罐中产甲烷活性的一个相关指标。
