Department of Physical Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, PM&R 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
PM R. 2012 Jan;4(1):37-49. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.07.004.
This review article discusses the current scope of high-resolution diagnostic ultrasound in the diagnosis of neuromuscular disease, both as a complementary tool to electrodiagnosis and in some cases as a stand-alone imaging modality. Indications, limitations, potential for research, and training and credentialing are discussed. Indications include needle guidance for nerve conduction studies and needle electromyography, diagnosis of nerve entrapment, diagnostic muscle imaging via grayscale analysis, and dynamic real-time imaging, including sonopalpation, to provide additional diagnostic information. The role of neuromuscular ultrasound in research is discussed, including the need to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and cost-effectiveness of these techniques when they are used alone or in combination. Training and credentialing are reviewed, specifically noting the challenge of the lack of formal training programs and the relatively long, flat learning curve of diagnostic ultrasound.
这篇综述文章讨论了高分辨率超声诊断在神经肌肉疾病诊断中的应用范围，包括作为电诊断的补充工具，以及在某些情况下作为独立的成像方式。本文讨论了适应证、局限性、研究潜力以及培训和认证。适应证包括神经传导研究和针极肌电图的引导、神经卡压的诊断、通过灰阶分析进行诊断性肌肉成像，以及动态实时成像，包括超声触诊，以提供额外的诊断信息。本文还讨论了神经肌肉超声在研究中的作用，包括需要评估这些技术单独使用或联合使用时的敏感性、特异性、阳性和阴性预测值以及成本效益。培训和认证也得到了回顾，特别是注意到缺乏正式培训计划以及诊断性超声相对较长而平坦的学习曲线的挑战。
