Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Feb;119(2 Pt 1):412-7. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318249ff74.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant yet preventable public health problem that affects millions of women regardless of age, economic status, race, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or educational background. Individuals who are subjected to IPV may have lifelong consequences, including emotional trauma, lasting physical impairment, chronic health problems, and even death. Although women of all ages may experience IPV, it is most prevalent among women of reproductive age and contributes to gynecologic disorders, pregnancy complications, unintended pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Obstetrician–gynecologists are in a unique position to assess and provide support for women who experience IPV because of the nature of the patient–physician relationship and the many opportunities for intervention that occur during the course of pregnancy, family planning, annual examinations, and other women’s health visits. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has recommended that IPV screening and counseling should be a core part of women’s preventive health visits. Physicians should screen all women for IPV at periodic intervals, including during obstetric care (at the first prenatal visit, at least once per trimester, and at the postpartum checkup), offer ongoing support, and review available prevention and referral options. Resources are available in many communities to assist women who experience IPV.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是一个严重但可预防的公共卫生问题，影响着数以百万计的女性，无论其年龄、经济状况、种族、宗教、民族、性取向或教育背景如何。遭受 IPV 的人可能会产生终身后果，包括情感创伤、持久的身体损伤、慢性健康问题，甚至死亡。尽管所有年龄段的女性都可能经历 IPV，但它在育龄女性中最为普遍，会导致妇科疾病、妊娠并发症、意外怀孕和性传播感染，包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）。由于医患关系的性质以及在妊娠期间、计划生育、年度检查和其他妇女健康访视期间发生的许多干预机会，妇产科医生处于评估和为经历 IPV 的女性提供支持的独特位置。美国卫生与公众服务部已建议，将 IPV 筛查和咨询作为妇女预防保健的核心内容。医生应定期对所有女性进行 IPV 筛查，包括在产科护理期间（在第一次产前检查、至少每三个月一次和产后检查时）、提供持续支持，并审查可用的预防和转介选择。许多社区都有资源可以帮助经历 IPV 的女性。
