Hospital for Women and Children, Koutiala, Mali.
S Afr Med J. 2011 Dec 14;102(1):47-9.
To establish the rate of seroprevalence of the hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant women in south-eastern Mali, and to decrease mother-to-child transmission.
In a descriptive cross-sectional comparison study, 3 659 pregnant women attending a non-governmental hospital in Koutiala, Mali, during 2008 and 2009 were screened for the hepatitis B surface antigen during antenatal clinic attendance or when admitted for delivery. A chart review compared the hepatitis B virus (HBV)-positive women to HBV-negative women used as controls to identify potential risk factors for HBsAg positivity. The variables compared were age, parity, type of genital excision, birthweight of baby and HIV status.
A total of 293 (8.0%) pregnant women tested positive for HBsAg. Their average age was 27.6 years, average parity of 2.8 births, 90% had Type 2 genital excision, 21% had low birthweight infants, and 14 (0.4%) women also tested positive for HIV. Infants born to HbsAg-positive women were immunised with the hepatitis B vaccine in the delivery room. Two hundred and eighty-four HBV-negative women were compared with the HBV-positive women. None of the differences of means or relationships was statistically insignificant.
In view of the high endemicity and lack of easily identifiable risk factors, free maternal HBV screening should be provided to all women in Mali, and the infants born to HBsAg-positive women should be immunised within 12 hours of birth.
在马里东南部确定孕妇乙型肝炎表面抗原的血清流行率，并降低母婴传播率。
在一项描述性的横断面比较研究中，2008 年至 2009 年期间，在马里库蒂亚洛的一家非政府医院就诊的 3659 名孕妇在产前诊所就诊或分娩时接受乙型肝炎表面抗原筛查。通过病历回顾，将乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）阳性妇女与作为对照的 HBV 阴性妇女进行比较，以确定 HBsAg 阳性的潜在危险因素。比较的变量包括年龄、产次、生殖器切割类型、婴儿出生体重和 HIV 状况。
共有 293 名（8.0%）孕妇 HBsAg 检测呈阳性。她们的平均年龄为 27.6 岁，平均产次为 2.8 次，90%的人接受了 2 型生殖器切割，21%的人婴儿出生体重低，14 人（0.4%）也检测出 HIV 阳性。HBsAg 阳性妇女所生婴儿在分娩室接受乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种。将 284 名 HBV 阴性妇女与 HBV 阳性妇女进行比较。平均值或关系没有一个差异不具有统计学意义。
鉴于高流行率和缺乏易于识别的危险因素，马里应向所有妇女提供免费的 HBV 筛查，HBsAg 阳性妇女所生婴儿应在出生后 12 小时内进行免疫接种。
