Strong Genae D
Department of Nursing, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2011 Nov-Dec;40(6):753-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01303.x.
To describe breastfeeding pain reported by breastfeeding women during the first-year postpartum and providers' management of the pain as recorded in medical records.
Retrospective, descriptive.
Mid-South metropolitan obstetric and gynecologic medical practice.
A convenience sample of 117 breastfeeding women.
Data were collected using a retrospective review of medical records of breastfeeding mothers during their infants' first year of life.
Participants reported a breastfeeding rate of 56.4%, and of those 23% reported breastfeeding pain during the first year. Major reasons for pain were mastitis (67.5%), candida (32.4%), engorgement (18.0%), nipple tenderness (8.1%), and clogged milk ducts (4.5%). Medications were used most frequently to treat mastitis and candida. However, limited documentation of breastfeeding support beyond prescribing medications was found. Nonpharmacological measures were rarely recommended, and few referrals were documented to specialized providers such as lactation consultants or community support groups. Routine infant feeding choices, breastfeeding discussions, and breastfeeding counseling were rarely documented and multiple non-evidence-based strategies were noted.
Inadequate breastfeeding support and management were evident, and non-evidence-based recommendations were routinely practiced. It is recommended that primary care providers adopt evidence-based practices for breastfeeding and breastfeeding pain that support women in successfully reaching their breastfeeding goals.
描述产后第一年母乳喂养女性报告的母乳喂养疼痛情况以及医疗记录中记录的医护人员对疼痛的处理。
回顾性、描述性研究。
中南大都市的妇产科医疗实践机构。
117名母乳喂养女性的便利样本。
通过回顾婴儿出生后第一年母乳喂养母亲的医疗记录来收集数据。
参与者报告的母乳喂养率为56.4%，其中有23%报告在第一年有母乳喂养疼痛。疼痛的主要原因是乳腺炎（67.5%）、念珠菌感染（32.4%）、乳汁淤积（18.0%）、乳头压痛（8.1%）和乳腺管堵塞（4.5%）。药物最常用于治疗乳腺炎和念珠菌感染。然而，发现除了开药之外，关于母乳喂养支持的记录有限。很少推荐非药物措施，并且记录中很少有转诊至哺乳顾问或社区支持小组等专业人员处的情况。常规婴儿喂养选择、母乳喂养讨论和母乳喂养咨询很少被记录，并且注意到有多种非循证策略。
母乳喂养支持和管理不足是明显的，并且常规采用了非循证推荐。建议初级保健提供者采用基于证据的母乳喂养和母乳喂养疼痛处理方法，以支持女性成功实现母乳喂养目标。
