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焦虑症的神经影像学研究

Neuroimaging in anxiety disorders.

作者信息

Holzschneider Kathrin, Mulert Christoph

机构信息

University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Hamburg, Germany.

出版信息

Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2011;13(4):453-61. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2011.13.4/kholzschneider.

Abstract

Over the last few years, neuroimaging techniques have contributed greatly to the identification of the structural and functional neuroanatomy of anxiety disorders. The amygdala seems to be a crucial structure for fear and anxiety, and has consistently been found to be activated in anxiety-provoking situations. Apart from the amygdala, the insula and anterior cinguiate cortex seem to be critical, and ail three have been referred to as the "fear network." In the present article, we review the main findings from three major lines of research. First, we examine human models of anxiety disorders, including fear conditioning studies and investigations of experimentally induced panic attacks. Then we turn to research in patients with anxiety disorders and take a dose look at post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Finally, we review neuroimaging studies investigating neural correlates of successful treatment of anxiety, focusing on exposure-based therapy and several pharmacological treatment options, as well as combinations of both.

摘要

在过去几年中,神经成像技术对焦虑症的结构和功能神经解剖学的识别做出了巨大贡献。杏仁核似乎是恐惧和焦虑的关键结构,并且一直发现在引发焦虑的情况下会被激活。除了杏仁核,脑岛和前扣带回皮层似乎也很关键,这三者都被称为“恐惧网络”。在本文中,我们回顾了三大研究方向的主要发现。首先,我们研究焦虑症的人类模型,包括恐惧条件反射研究和实验性诱发惊恐发作的调查。然后我们转向焦虑症患者的研究,仔细研究创伤后应激障碍和强迫症。最后,我们回顾了调查焦虑症成功治疗的神经相关性的神经成像研究,重点关注基于暴露的疗法和几种药物治疗选择,以及两者的组合。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e6aa/3263392/b2373b82e44a/DialoguesClinNeurosci-13-453-g001.jpg

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