Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, 301 Wilson Hall, 111 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2010 Sep;33(3):557-77. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2010.04.002.
Numerous clinical trials have supported the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Accordingly, CBT has been formally recognized as an empirically supported treatment for anxiety-related conditions. This article reviews the evidence supporting the efficacy of CBT for anxiety disorders. Specifically, contemporary meta-analytic studies on the treatment of anxiety disorders are reviewed and the efficacy of CBT is examined. Although the specific components of CBT differ depending on the study design and the anxiety disorder treated, meta-analyses suggest that CBT procedures (particularly exposure-based approaches) are highly efficacious. CBT generally outperforms wait-list and placebo controls. Thus, CBT provides incremental efficacy above and beyond nonspecific factors. For some anxiety disorders, CBT also tends to outperform other psychosocial treatment modalities. The implications of available meta-analytic findings in further delineating the efficacy and dissemination of CBT for anxiety disorders are discussed.
大量临床试验支持认知行为疗法（CBT）治疗焦虑症的疗效。因此，CBT 已被正式确认为治疗与焦虑相关疾病的一种经验支持疗法。本文回顾了支持 CBT 治疗焦虑症疗效的证据。具体来说，本文回顾了关于治疗焦虑症的当代荟萃分析研究，并检验了 CBT 的疗效。尽管 CBT 的具体组成部分取决于研究设计和治疗的焦虑症类型，但荟萃分析表明 CBT 程序（特别是基于暴露的方法）非常有效。CBT 通常优于候补组和安慰剂对照。因此，CBT 在非特异性因素之外提供了额外的疗效。对于某些焦虑症，CBT 也倾向于优于其他心理社会治疗方式。讨论了现有荟萃分析结果在进一步明确 CBT 治疗焦虑症的疗效和传播方面的意义。
