Brianna J. Turner, Alexander L. Chapman, and Brianne K. Layden, Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2012 Feb;42(1):36-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1943-278X.2011.00069.x. Epub 2012 Jan 25.
Understanding the functions of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has important implications for the development and refinement of theoretical models and treatments of NSSI. Emotional and social vulnerabilities associated with five common functions of NSSI-emotion relief (ER), feeling generation (FG), self-punishment (SP), interpersonal influence (II), and interpersonal communication (IC)-were investigated to clarify why individuals use this behavior in the service of different purposes. Female participants (n = 162) with a history of NSSI completed online measures of self-injury, emotion regulation strategies and abilities, trait affectivity, social problem-solving styles, and interpersonal problems. ER functions were associated with more intense affectivity, expressive suppression, and limited access to emotion regulation strategies. FG functions were associated with a lack of emotional clarity. Similar to ER functions, SP functions were associated with greater affective intensity and expressive suppression. II functions were negatively associated with expressive suppression and positively associated with domineering/controlling and intrusive/needy interpersonal styles. IC functions were negatively associated with expressive suppression and positively associated with a vindictive or self-centered interpersonal style. These findings highlight the specific affective traits, emotional and social skill deficits, and interpersonal styles that may render a person more likely to engage in NSSI to achieve specific goals.
理解非自杀性自我伤害（NSSI）的功能对于发展和完善 NSSI 的理论模型和治疗方法具有重要意义。本研究旨在探讨与 NSSI 的五种常见功能（情绪缓解、感觉寻求、自我惩罚、人际影响和人际沟通）相关的情绪和社交脆弱性，以阐明为什么个体出于不同目的使用这种行为。有 NSSI 史的女性参与者（n=162）完成了在线自我伤害、情绪调节策略和能力、特质情感、社交问题解决风格和人际关系问题的测量。情绪缓解功能与更强的情感强度、表达抑制和有限的情绪调节策略有关。感觉寻求功能与情感清晰度较低有关。与情绪缓解功能类似，自我惩罚功能与更强的情感强度和表达抑制有关。人际影响功能与表达抑制呈负相关，与支配/控制和侵扰/依赖的人际风格呈正相关。人际沟通功能与表达抑制呈负相关，与报复或以自我为中心的人际风格呈正相关。这些发现强调了特定的情感特征、情绪和社交技能缺陷以及人际风格，这些可能使人更有可能为了实现特定目标而进行 NSSI。
