Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad Bausch, India.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2012 Mar;32(2):149-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2012.00893.x. Epub 2012 Jan 25.
To investigate the prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors, presbyopia and spectacle coverage in subjects aged 40 years or more using a novel Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment (RAVI) methodology.
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using cluster random sampling to enumerate 1700 subjects from 34 clusters predominantly inhabited by marine fishing communities in the Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Unaided, aided and pinhole visual acuity (VA) was assessed using a Snellen chart at a distance of 6 m. Near vision was assessed using an N notation chart. Uncorrected refractive error was defined as presenting VA < 6/18 and improving to ≥6/18 with pinhole. Uncorrected presbyopia was defined as binocular near vision worse than N8 in subjects with binocular distance VA ≥ 6/18.
1560 subjects (response rate - 92%) were available for examination. Of these, 54.6% were female and 10.1% were ≥70 years of age. Refractive error was present in 250 individuals. It was uncorrected in 179 (unmet need) and corrected in 71 (met need) individuals. Among 1094 individuals with no distance visual impairment, presbyopia was present in 494 individuals. It was uncorrected in 439 (unmet need) and corrected in 55 individuals (met need). Spectacle coverage was 28.4% for refractive errors and 11.1% for presbyopia.
There is a high unmet need for uncorrected refractive errors and presbyopia among marine fishing communities in the Prakasam district of South India. The data from this study can now be used as a baseline prior to the commencement of eye care services in this region.
使用新的快速视觉障碍评估（RAVI）方法调查 40 岁及以上人群未矫正屈光不正、老视和眼镜覆盖率的流行情况。
本研究采用基于人群的横断面研究，使用聚类随机抽样从印度安得拉邦普拉卡萨姆区的 34 个主要居住着海洋渔业社区的集群中对 1700 名参与者进行计数。在 6 米的距离处使用 Snellen 图表评估未矫正和矫正视力（VA）以及小孔视力。使用 N 记法图表评估近视力。未矫正屈光不正的定义为未矫正视力<6/18，使用小孔后提高至≥6/18。未矫正老视的定义为双眼远视力≥6/18，但双眼近视力<N8。
共有 1560 名（应答率为 92%）参与者接受了检查。其中，54.6%为女性，10.1%年龄≥70 岁。250 人存在屈光不正。179 人（未满足需求）未矫正，71 人（满足需求）矫正。在 1094 名无远视力损害的个体中，494 人存在老视。439 人（未满足需求）未矫正，55 人（满足需求）矫正。眼镜覆盖率为屈光不正的 28.4%，老视的 11.1%。
在印度南部普拉卡萨姆区的海洋渔业社区中，存在大量未矫正屈光不正和老视的未满足需求。本研究的数据现在可以作为该地区开展眼科保健服务之前的基线数据。
