Malhotra Sumit, Vashist Praveen, Kalaivani Mani, Rath Rama Shankar, Gupta Noopur, Gupta Sanjeev Kumar, Prasad Manya, Sathiyamoorthy Ramadass
Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
Community Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Jan;11(1):287-293. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1148_21. Epub 2022 Jan 31.
Presbyopia is a major cause for near visual impairment among adults. Presbyopia induced visual impairment can be corrected easily by spectacles. We aimed to study the prevalence of presbyopia among adults aged ≥35 years and spectacles coverage among them. We also studied the unmet need for presbyopia along with the barriers to uptake of services.
This is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted among adults aged ≥35 years in a rural district of Haryana. Near vision assessment and semistructured interview schedule were administered by a team of trained ophthalmic assistant, social worker and health assistant.
A total of 3832 adults aged ≥35 years were enumerated, from which 3246 (84.7%) were examined. Prevalence of presbyopia was found to be 42.9% (95% confidence interval 41.2-44.6). Participants with increasing age, literacy and women had higher prevalence, and those that were employed and belonged to below poverty line economic status had lower prevalence of presbyopia. Spectacles coverage among presbyopes was found to be 25.8%. There was an inverse association between unmet need for presbyopia and women, increasing education status and office work. Lack of felt need and personal reasons were the most common barriers for unmet need due to presbyopia.
There is high prevalence of presbyopia among adult population, with spectacles coverage being low. Awareness activities along with affordable, accessible and socially acceptable services for those affected with presbyopia would be one of the key components of management.
老花眼是成年人近视障碍的主要原因。由老花眼引起的视力障碍可通过眼镜轻松矫正。我们旨在研究年龄≥35岁的成年人中老花眼的患病率及其眼镜佩戴率。我们还研究了老花眼未满足的需求以及服务获取的障碍。
这是一项基于人群的横断面研究，在哈里亚纳邦一个农村地区年龄≥35岁的成年人中进行。由一组经过培训的眼科助理、社会工作者和健康助理进行近视力评估和半结构化访谈。
共统计了3832名年龄≥35岁的成年人，其中3246人（84.7%）接受了检查。发现老花眼的患病率为42.9%（95%置信区间41.2 - 44.6）。年龄增长、识字和女性参与者的患病率较高，而就业者和经济状况处于贫困线以下者的老花眼患病率较低。老花眼患者的眼镜佩戴率为25.8%。老花眼未满足需求与女性、教育程度提高和办公室工作之间存在负相关。缺乏感知需求和个人原因是老花眼未满足需求的最常见障碍。
成年人群中老花眼患病率高，眼镜佩戴率低。开展提高认识活动，同时为老花眼患者提供价格合理、可及且社会可接受的服务，将是管理工作的关键组成部分之一。
