Clinical and Research Programs in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114-3139, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2012 Apr;46(4):484-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.007. Epub 2012 Jan 24.
Young adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been shown to be at increased risk for impairment in driving behaviors. While stimulant medications have proven efficacy in reducing ADHD symptomatology, there is limited knowledge as to their effects on driving impairment. The main aim of this study was to assess the impact of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) on driving performance in young adults with ADHD using a validated driving simulation paradigm. This was a randomized, double-blind, 6-week, placebo-controlled, parallel-design study of LDX vs. a placebo on driving performance in a validated driving simulation paradigm. Subjects were sixty-one outpatients of both sexes, 18-26 years of age, who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD. Subjects were randomized to receive LDX or placebo after a baseline driving simulation and completed a second driving simulation six weeks after beginning drug or placebo. Examination of reaction time across five surprise events at post-treatment showed a significant positive effect of medication status. LDX treatment was also associated with significantly fewer accidents vs. placebo. LDX treatment was associated with significantly faster reaction times and a lower rate of simulated driving collisions than placebo. These results suggest that LDX may reduce driving risks in young adults with ADHD.
患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的年轻人在驾驶行为方面表现出受损的风险增加。虽然兴奋剂药物已被证明在减少 ADHD 症状方面有效，但对于它们对驾驶障碍的影响知之甚少。本研究的主要目的是使用经过验证的驾驶模拟范式评估右苯丙胺（LDX）对年轻 ADHD 患者驾驶表现的影响。这是一项为期 6 周、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、平行设计的研究，比较了 LDX 与安慰剂对经过验证的驾驶模拟范式中驾驶表现的影响。受试者为 61 名年龄在 18-26 岁之间的男女门诊患者，均符合 DSM-IV 注意力缺陷多动障碍标准。在基线驾驶模拟后，受试者被随机分配接受 LDX 或安慰剂治疗，并在开始药物或安慰剂治疗 6 周后完成第二次驾驶模拟。在治疗后对五个意外事件的反应时间进行检查显示，药物状态有显著的积极影响。与安慰剂相比，LDX 治疗还与更少的事故相关。与安慰剂相比，LDX 治疗与更快的反应时间和更低的模拟驾驶碰撞率相关。这些结果表明，LDX 可能会降低患有 ADHD 的年轻成年人的驾驶风险。
