Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad de Granada, Spain.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012 Jun;42(6):552-8. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2012.3875. Epub 2012 Jan 25.
Cross-sectional cohort study.
To investigate the differences in the level of activation of neck-shoulder muscles between elite swimmers with and without shoulder pain during a functional upper-limb task.
Previous studies have reported altered motor control of the neck-shoulder muscles in patients with chronic neck-shoulder pain. Whether the activation of neck-shoulder muscles is altered among elite swimmers who have shoulder pain is unknown.
Surface electromyography from the sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, and anterior scalene (SCL) muscles was recorded bilaterally in 17 elite swimmers (9 men, 8 women; mean ± SD age, 21 ± 3 years) with unilateral shoulder pain, and 17 age- and sex-matched elite swimmers without pain. Root-mean-square values were calculated and normalized to assess the level of muscular activation 5 seconds before, 120 seconds into, 150 seconds into, and 10 seconds after a functional upper-limb task.
The data revealed significant differences between groups for the root-mean-square of both SCL muscles (F = 3.733, P = .016) but not for the sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles. Swimmers with shoulder pain had higher normalized root-mean-square values in both SCL muscles at 120 seconds (78% on average) and 150 seconds (86% on average) into the task and at 10 seconds after the task (40% on average), as compared with swimmers without shoulder pain (P<.05).
The elite swimmers with shoulder pain demonstrated greater activation of the SCL muscles during a functional task and a lower ability to relax the SCL muscles after completion of the task than elite swimmers without shoulder pain. The present findings suggest an altered pattern of cervical muscle activation in elite swimmers with shoulder pain during performance of a functional task.
横断面队列研究。
研究在功能性上肢任务中，有无肩痛的优秀游泳运动员颈部-肩部肌肉激活水平的差异。
先前的研究报道了慢性颈肩部疼痛患者颈部-肩部肌肉运动控制的改变。在有肩痛的优秀游泳运动员中，颈部-肩部肌肉的激活是否发生改变尚不清楚。
对 17 名有单侧肩痛的优秀游泳运动员（9 名男性，8 名女性；平均年龄±标准差，21±3 岁）和 17 名年龄和性别匹配的无疼痛的优秀游泳运动员双侧胸锁乳突肌、上斜方肌和前斜角肌进行表面肌电图记录。计算均方根值并归一化，以评估在功能性上肢任务前 5 秒、任务开始后 120 秒、150 秒和任务结束后 10 秒时肌肉激活水平。
数据显示，两组间的胸锁乳突肌和前斜角肌的均方根值存在显著差异（F=3.733，P=.016），但 SCL 肌肉的均方根值无显著差异。有肩痛的游泳运动员在任务开始后 120 秒（平均 78%）和 150 秒（平均 86%）以及任务结束后 10 秒（平均 40%）时，双侧 SCL 肌肉的标准化均方根值较高，与无肩痛的游泳运动员相比（P<.05）。
有肩痛的优秀游泳运动员在完成功能性任务时，SCL 肌肉的激活程度更高，完成任务后 SCL 肌肉的放松能力更低。这些发现提示，在执行功能性任务时，有肩痛的优秀游泳运动员的颈部肌肉激活模式发生改变。
