Sandahl C, Rönnberg S
Department of Clinical Alcohol and Drug Addiction Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.
Int J Group Psychother. 1990 Oct;40(4):453-76. doi: 10.1080/00207284.1990.11490622.
The effects of brief group psychotherapy in relapse prevention were tested. The groups focused on the clients' capacity to formulate their own treatment goals, including controlled drinking, programmed relapse, and total abstinence. Twelve months after completion of the eight-week outpatient group treatment, thirty-five clients were followed up. There appeared to be no harmful effects as a result of the treatment. Nobody in the follow-up group had a deteriorated drinking pattern as compared to pretreatment data. The follow-up results were significantly better than before treatment and also than in a comparison group of alcohol dependent patients. It seemed as if those patients who could benefit from the treatment had a shorter duration of abuse and had a later onset of uncontrolled drinking compared to those who continued with a negative drinking pattern and the dropouts. The clients assigned the positive treatment effects to course leaders' encouragement of personal decision making, increased awareness of risk situations, and improved coping skills. The group situation in itself seemed to be of special importance for this result. The degree of structure implemented by course leaders allowed a free and respectful openness to develop between group members.
对简短团体心理治疗在预防复发方面的效果进行了测试。这些团体聚焦于来访者制定自身治疗目标的能力，包括控制饮酒、计划性复发和完全戒酒。在为期八周的门诊团体治疗结束十二个月后，对35名来访者进行了随访。治疗似乎没有产生有害影响。与治疗前的数据相比，随访组中没有人的饮酒模式恶化。随访结果明显优于治疗前，也优于酒精依赖患者的对照组。似乎与那些持续保持消极饮酒模式的人和退出治疗的人相比，那些能从治疗中获益的患者滥用酒精的时间更短，开始无节制饮酒的时间也更晚。来访者将积极的治疗效果归因于课程领导者对个人决策的鼓励、对风险情境意识的增强以及应对技能的提高。团体环境本身似乎对这一结果尤为重要。课程领导者实施的结构化程度使得团体成员之间能够形成一种自由且相互尊重的开放氛围。
