Department of Cystic Fibrosis, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London, SW3 6NP, UK.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2012 Feb;6(1):19-26. doi: 10.1586/ers.11.87.
Inhaled dry powder mannitol is well established for use in bronchial provocation testing. Inhaled mannitol also increases mucociliary clearance, and therefore could have a role in treating chronic suppurative lung disease. There have been a number of studies in cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis. An international Phase III trial has just been published that suggests the use of regular inhaled mannitol increases lung function and reduces exacerbation frequency in cystic fibrosis. Inhaled mannitol exerts its effects in a number of ways, most importantly like hypertonic saline, setting up an osmotic gradient so water flows into the airway lumen, increasing mucus hydration and mucociliary clearance. Its formulation as a dry powder makes it quick and convenient to take.
吸入性干粉甘露醇已被广泛用于支气管激发试验。吸入性甘露醇还可以增加黏液纤毛清除功能，因此在治疗慢性化脓性肺病方面可能具有一定作用。在囊性纤维化和支气管扩张症方面已经有多项研究。最近刚刚发表了一项国际 III 期临床试验结果，提示常规吸入性甘露醇可增加肺功能并降低囊性纤维化患者的恶化频率。吸入性甘露醇通过多种方式发挥作用，最重要的是像高渗盐水一样，建立渗透压梯度，使水分流入气道腔，增加黏液水合作用和黏液纤毛清除功能。其干粉制剂使其服用方便快捷。
