Stein R
Int J Psychoanal. 1990;71 ( Pt 3):499-511.
This paper tried to show that Melanie Klein's theory can very profitably be viewed as a descriptive theory of strong emotions rather than an instinct or developmental theory. Furthermore, since in Klein's thinking feelings 'create' objects, the primacy of feelings in this theory is central. The paper contains a short chronological study of Klein's formulations of psychic phenomena in terms of affects. It is also maintained that the paranoid-schizoid and the depressive positions are constellations of affects and of reactions to them; that psychic development is essentially in terms of the capacity to tolerate feelings, and that the basic conflict in mental life is between feelings of love and hate and associated feelings. Such a view solves many of the conceptual difficulties of Kleinian theory and in addition promises rewarding insights into the world of feelings.
本文试图表明，梅兰妮·克莱因的理论极有可能被视作一种关于强烈情感的描述性理论，而非本能或发展理论。此外，由于在克莱因的思想中，情感“创造”客体，所以情感在该理论中的首要地位至关重要。本文包含了一项对克莱因依据情感对心理现象的阐述进行的简短编年研究。同时还认为，偏执分裂位和抑郁位是情感及其反应的组合；心理发展本质上是依据耐受情感的能力而言的，并且心理生活中的基本冲突存在于爱与恨的情感以及相关情感之间。这样一种观点解决了克莱因理论的诸多概念难题，此外还有望为情感世界带来有益的深刻见解。
